Florence Nightingale. (1820-1910).
The Lady with the Lamp.
Poem Santa Philomena.
Lo! In that house of misery,
A lady with a lamp I see,
Pass through the glimmering gloom,
And flit from room to room.
“She is a ministering angel. In these barrack hospitals and her slender frame glides
quietly along each corridor, every soldier’s face brightens with gratitude at her sight.
When all the medical staff retired for the night, and silence and darkness had settled down, she was seen alone moving around with a lamp in her hand making her solitary rounds.”
On 12th of May, every year, the world celebrates International Nurse Day which is
the birthday of Florence Nightingale alias the lady with the lamp. She alone laid the
Foundation of professional nursing school at St-Thomas hospital at London in 1860.
Every qualified nurse takes the Nightingale pledge of cleanliness and sanitation, in
her memory and remembrance of innovative ideas introduced in the field of nursing profession.
She was born in a rich British family in the city of Florence, Italy. She was therefore
named Florence to keep link of that famous city with her name. She entered the field of nursing in 1844 amidst severe objection from her family. She worked hard to educate
herself in the field of art and science of nursing profession.
She was coated by the politician and poet Richard Milnes First Baron Houghton.
She rejected him because she believed that her marriage with him would interfere
with her ability to follow the rigid restraints and constraints of nursing profession.
When she was in Rome, she met with Sir Sydney Herbert, the Secretary of War during the Crimean War. He pushed her in the field of army health with his full powers to overhaul the affairs of the barrack hospitals. Her contribution was during the Crimean war when she saw the poor plight and horrific conditions of the wounded soldiers.
She had trained for her assistance a team of 40 nurses, settled down at the barrack hospital premises in service of the wounded soldiers. They found the wounded soldiers being neglected of first aid and medical attendance by the over-burdened medical staff.
Medicines, bandages and essentials were in short-supply. Hygienic conditions did not exist. Mass infections, many of them fatal, were common. There was no equipment to process food for the wounded soldiers. The death rate went on mounting. Ten times more soldiers died on account of typhus, typhoid, cholera and dysentery, than from battle wounds. Condition at the barrack hospitals was so fatal to the wounded soldiers because of over crowding and hospital’s defective sewers and lack of ventilation. She organised
a mass attempt to flush out the sewers and improved ventilation conditions. In some time,
gradually the death rate came down from 42 % to 5 % within a short time by improving hygienic conditions of the hospital. She introduced day to day laundry of all items
right from gowns, coats and all sorts of clothes of patients and doctors and the staff.
She declared that the higher death rate of the wounded soldiers was on account of mal nutrition and lack of supplies. She prevailed upon the authorities for immediate supply of
Essentials.
It was only after she returned to England that she confronted the Royal Commission of Health of the army with substantial evidence that most of the wounded soldiers were killed not because of battle-wounds but because of lack of cleanliness, sanitation and short supply of essentials.
This incident affected her life so deeply that she dedicated her life in introducing
in every hospital trained staff, with high standard of cleanliness and sanitation and ventilation. She reduced the death rate of the patients by following sanitary rules and regulations and she saw to it that they were enforced with military regulations at the
Hospitals.
She wrote notes on importance and role of nursing staff in hospitals and public clinics.
It served as the cornerstone of curriculum at the Nightingale school of nursing and other such institutions.
“Every day sanitary knowledge and the knowledge of nursing and how to put
the machinery in action in such a state in such a way that there will be no compromise.
In matters of cleanliness, sanitation, day to day laundry of all items of the hospital should be a ritual. It is this knowledge which every nurse must acquire, distinct from medical
Knowledge which only a professional can have.”
It was a time when simple rules of health and health related cleanliness were a mere beginning. Her strict attitude in this aspect opened the eyes of the medical staff and the nurses to observe basic principles of cleanliness, sanitation and hygienic conditions in the
Hospitals. It came at a time when total awareness in this field was overdue. It helped to save lives of patients by observing simple basic rules of cleanliness and sanitation and use of anti-sceptics, bandages, and soap detergents. Every doctor and staff was required to wash the hands with soap with meticulous care.
If hospitals were riddled with infection, and where nurses were ignorant and uneducated,
Efficiency would be at its lowest of low level and other side effects would arise.
She introduced deployment of trained nurses and sick patients were required to be looked after with care diligence and with kindness.
She died at an age of 90 peacefully in her sleep in her home in England.
Saturday, June 5, 2010
Arunachal Pradesh.
Amazing
Arunachal Pradesh.
It is the land of Dawn-lit Mountains. Arunachal is a very picturesque
place of India. Its history is full of myths and fascinating traditions.
The recorded history of this place is available from the sixteenth century,
when the Ahom kings were rulers of Assam.
From 1947 it was a part of NEFA, North East frontier Agency, and thereafter
it was a Union Territory. It was given the status of 20th State of the Union
in the year 1987. Itahnagar is the state capital. The population of Arunachal
Pradesh is 1.5 million. Joginder Singh is the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh.
He is a retired General of the Army. The elected leaders are engaged in
party infighting and there is lot of corruption going on in all fields.
The tourist attraction of this place is its flora and fauna in a habitat which
combines glacial terrain, alpine meadows and sub-tropical rain forests.
Tourist attraction includes Twang a beautiful town for the Buddhist
Monastery. It is listed as one of the seven wonders of the country.
The Namdapha Tiger Project, and Sela lake near Bomdilla with its
Bamboo bridges overhanging the river are a source of great tourist attraction.
The religious places include Malinithan in Lekhabali, Rukmininagar near Roing,
and Parsuram Kund in the Lohit district are famous. It is said that Parsuram
had washed his sins at this kund.
The famous TV serial “Lohit Kinare” depicted the colourful life lived in this area.
Roopa Ganguly won applause and was selected for the role of Draupadi by BR Chopra,
in Mahabharata on the basis of her performance in Lohit Kinare.
Arunachal Pradesh is surrounded by Bhutan on the west, China on north-east,
Burma on the east and Assam on the south. It consists of mountainous ranges
sloping to the plain fields of Assam. Agriculture is the main occupation of
people of this area. The principal crop is rice, maize, millet, wheat, pulses
potato sugarcane and oil-seeds.
Every year Dree festivals are held to drive away famine and to please Gods
for a bumper harvest. This year the Dree Festival is scheduled to be held from
5th of July 2010, which has organised many competitions and cultural activities.
Apatani tribal dancers are a great source of attraction for their fascinating
performance and beauty. The Lougri youths are famous for their breath taking dance-sequence. The Aji-Lamhu dance draws great attention of crowds as was never seen before.
Assam Rifles promotes youth cultural and sports activities during this festival
including the marathon race “Run for Peace.”
Rafting and trekking are common activities. Places like Tuting have wonderful
undiscovered scenic beauty.
Vivekananda Kendra, Pali Vidyapith, Rajiv Gandhi Polytechnic are a few of the known educational institutions in Arunachal Pradesh.
Arunachal Times, Echo of Arunachal and Arunachal Front are leading local papers.
China has its claim on this state. There is no infrastructure to combat the Chinese influence in this area. The leaders have closed their eyes on frontier states from
the point of view of nation security and integrity. It is our greatest misfortune.
There is no thinking in terms of an Indian.
Arunachal Pradesh.
It is the land of Dawn-lit Mountains. Arunachal is a very picturesque
place of India. Its history is full of myths and fascinating traditions.
The recorded history of this place is available from the sixteenth century,
when the Ahom kings were rulers of Assam.
From 1947 it was a part of NEFA, North East frontier Agency, and thereafter
it was a Union Territory. It was given the status of 20th State of the Union
in the year 1987. Itahnagar is the state capital. The population of Arunachal
Pradesh is 1.5 million. Joginder Singh is the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh.
He is a retired General of the Army. The elected leaders are engaged in
party infighting and there is lot of corruption going on in all fields.
The tourist attraction of this place is its flora and fauna in a habitat which
combines glacial terrain, alpine meadows and sub-tropical rain forests.
Tourist attraction includes Twang a beautiful town for the Buddhist
Monastery. It is listed as one of the seven wonders of the country.
The Namdapha Tiger Project, and Sela lake near Bomdilla with its
Bamboo bridges overhanging the river are a source of great tourist attraction.
The religious places include Malinithan in Lekhabali, Rukmininagar near Roing,
and Parsuram Kund in the Lohit district are famous. It is said that Parsuram
had washed his sins at this kund.
The famous TV serial “Lohit Kinare” depicted the colourful life lived in this area.
Roopa Ganguly won applause and was selected for the role of Draupadi by BR Chopra,
in Mahabharata on the basis of her performance in Lohit Kinare.
Arunachal Pradesh is surrounded by Bhutan on the west, China on north-east,
Burma on the east and Assam on the south. It consists of mountainous ranges
sloping to the plain fields of Assam. Agriculture is the main occupation of
people of this area. The principal crop is rice, maize, millet, wheat, pulses
potato sugarcane and oil-seeds.
Every year Dree festivals are held to drive away famine and to please Gods
for a bumper harvest. This year the Dree Festival is scheduled to be held from
5th of July 2010, which has organised many competitions and cultural activities.
Apatani tribal dancers are a great source of attraction for their fascinating
performance and beauty. The Lougri youths are famous for their breath taking dance-sequence. The Aji-Lamhu dance draws great attention of crowds as was never seen before.
Assam Rifles promotes youth cultural and sports activities during this festival
including the marathon race “Run for Peace.”
Rafting and trekking are common activities. Places like Tuting have wonderful
undiscovered scenic beauty.
Vivekananda Kendra, Pali Vidyapith, Rajiv Gandhi Polytechnic are a few of the known educational institutions in Arunachal Pradesh.
Arunachal Times, Echo of Arunachal and Arunachal Front are leading local papers.
China has its claim on this state. There is no infrastructure to combat the Chinese influence in this area. The leaders have closed their eyes on frontier states from
the point of view of nation security and integrity. It is our greatest misfortune.
There is no thinking in terms of an Indian.
Acne.
Acne.
Pizza Face.
It is not pleasant facing the world with a bad complexion.
It is not pleasant to be called pizza face by other colleagues.
You wear gobs of make-up and try to ignore the insults but it pains.
Females have to live in an extremely visual society.
Skin problems especially on the face make you feel that all are looking at you.
You would like to think that they will love you for what is in the inside of you.
But there is that insecurity that remains built into you.
You are so conscious that you turn the face so the better side was showing.
You would keep moving the fingers through hair to divert the focus off the face.
When the date touched the face, and he would feel the pimples-it’s horrible.
Skin renovation science has revolutionised to cure pimples, acne problems faced
by many of us. This problem concerns more to females to a greater extent. as they are more conscious about their showing off.
What you may not realise is the knowledge about the causes and treatment for pimples acne are far more sophisticated and effective with the advent of newer research today.
Scientific studies over the years have successfully proved that acne and pimples
can be controlled and effectively cured by modern treatment and use of creams and
lotions.
It is not what you eat that causes pimples and acne.
1. Heredity is the factor which determines whether you will have blemishes.
2. Stress is an important factor for the growth of pimples and acne.
3. Negligence or indifference to skin-care methods and practises.
Today dermatologists have many weapons in their anti-acne arsenal. They have
Accutane which has turned out to be the most sought after effective remedy for acne
and acne related disease. Accutane is absolutely sensational for acne. Patients are
so worried about availability of this elixir medication that it may be in short-supply, or it may be snatched off the market by drugs-authority and all that. Some patients store
large quantity of supply in the freezers so their children will never have to go through
what they did.
Accutane is controversial. Doctors do not recommend use of this drug for females who are pregnant. It carries some side effects like such as decreased night vision and pink eye. Once the acne has cleared-up, Retin-A, the topical form of Accutane can maintain the new clear complexion.
If deep scarring is left by acne, injections of collagen may help smooth out the skin.
Since acne is a chronic condition, one need to follow a regular program of preventive
maintenance to loosen oil-plugs and acne-causing bacteria that clog the pores. This
means that the skin-pores have to be kept as clean as possible. It is recommended to
use soft wash-cloth, or with hands and a mild soap like Dove, Purpose or Neutrogena.
Harsh scrubbing to clear out the pores can irritate the skin and make the condition worse.
Some doctors advise to use a cleanser that contains salicylic acid which helps loosen
plugs of debris relatively smoothly.
To discourage new blemishes from forming and limit the severity of pimples,
it is necessary to use an anti-bacterial lotion containing benzoyl peroxide and apply
cover-ups that hide blemishes while they work to dry them up.
After trying just about everything, including Retin-A, and antibiotics, there is an equally effective system that works to keep the skin blemish-free. It includes washing the face twice a day with mild soap and use, over the counter cleanser that contains salicylic acid and a cream containing benzoyl peroxide at night.
The above methods, combined with stress management does the trick.
It is well worth the effort. The females can wear their hair off the face and sometimes pulled straight back. The skin is the best that it has ever been like pure peaches and cream.
The combination of stress removal and skin treatment does wonders for the psyche and the skin.
The above details are to make you aware of such problems and the cures are mere
suggestions. In such matters it is advisable to consult a skin-specialist.
Pizza Face.
It is not pleasant facing the world with a bad complexion.
It is not pleasant to be called pizza face by other colleagues.
You wear gobs of make-up and try to ignore the insults but it pains.
Females have to live in an extremely visual society.
Skin problems especially on the face make you feel that all are looking at you.
You would like to think that they will love you for what is in the inside of you.
But there is that insecurity that remains built into you.
You are so conscious that you turn the face so the better side was showing.
You would keep moving the fingers through hair to divert the focus off the face.
When the date touched the face, and he would feel the pimples-it’s horrible.
Skin renovation science has revolutionised to cure pimples, acne problems faced
by many of us. This problem concerns more to females to a greater extent. as they are more conscious about their showing off.
What you may not realise is the knowledge about the causes and treatment for pimples acne are far more sophisticated and effective with the advent of newer research today.
Scientific studies over the years have successfully proved that acne and pimples
can be controlled and effectively cured by modern treatment and use of creams and
lotions.
It is not what you eat that causes pimples and acne.
1. Heredity is the factor which determines whether you will have blemishes.
2. Stress is an important factor for the growth of pimples and acne.
3. Negligence or indifference to skin-care methods and practises.
Today dermatologists have many weapons in their anti-acne arsenal. They have
Accutane which has turned out to be the most sought after effective remedy for acne
and acne related disease. Accutane is absolutely sensational for acne. Patients are
so worried about availability of this elixir medication that it may be in short-supply, or it may be snatched off the market by drugs-authority and all that. Some patients store
large quantity of supply in the freezers so their children will never have to go through
what they did.
Accutane is controversial. Doctors do not recommend use of this drug for females who are pregnant. It carries some side effects like such as decreased night vision and pink eye. Once the acne has cleared-up, Retin-A, the topical form of Accutane can maintain the new clear complexion.
If deep scarring is left by acne, injections of collagen may help smooth out the skin.
Since acne is a chronic condition, one need to follow a regular program of preventive
maintenance to loosen oil-plugs and acne-causing bacteria that clog the pores. This
means that the skin-pores have to be kept as clean as possible. It is recommended to
use soft wash-cloth, or with hands and a mild soap like Dove, Purpose or Neutrogena.
Harsh scrubbing to clear out the pores can irritate the skin and make the condition worse.
Some doctors advise to use a cleanser that contains salicylic acid which helps loosen
plugs of debris relatively smoothly.
To discourage new blemishes from forming and limit the severity of pimples,
it is necessary to use an anti-bacterial lotion containing benzoyl peroxide and apply
cover-ups that hide blemishes while they work to dry them up.
After trying just about everything, including Retin-A, and antibiotics, there is an equally effective system that works to keep the skin blemish-free. It includes washing the face twice a day with mild soap and use, over the counter cleanser that contains salicylic acid and a cream containing benzoyl peroxide at night.
The above methods, combined with stress management does the trick.
It is well worth the effort. The females can wear their hair off the face and sometimes pulled straight back. The skin is the best that it has ever been like pure peaches and cream.
The combination of stress removal and skin treatment does wonders for the psyche and the skin.
The above details are to make you aware of such problems and the cures are mere
suggestions. In such matters it is advisable to consult a skin-specialist.
Corruption.
Corruption.
Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely.
Corruption is the spring of all prodigality and dis-orders which
loads us with billions of debt, it takes away the vigour of the army,
wisdom from our council and every shadow of authority and credit
from the most venerable parts of the country’s Constitution.
Bribery, Corruption, Kleptocracy.
Half of the Indians believe that Bribery solves problems.
Corruption has become a way of life of all of us.
Bribery is offering money or gift to bestow to influence recipient’s conduct.
Licence-Raj is the core of corruption.
¼ of the members of the Parliament faced criminal charges including
Human-trafficking, immigration rackets, embezzlement, rape, murder.
At the State level candidates with criminal record won the assembly seats.
In India, Truckers pay INR 5 billion every year as bribery to police and other agencies.
Mafia raj consists of municipal executives, urban development staff and revenue officials
Councillors, judicial officers, real estate developers, and law enforcement officers who
Develop and acquire and sell land in illegal ways.
All state funded construction activities such as road building, dams construction, bridges,
Roads are dominated by the construction mafia with the help of corrupt PWD
Officers, Panchayat officers, material suppliers, politicians and construction
Contractors in construction of highways, canals by shoddy construction and
Material substitution.
In Government and local body’s hospitals and state employee’s health hospitals
Corruption is associated with non-availability of medicines, fake and duplicate
Medicines, fixed charges for getting admission and availing diagnostic services.
International air-ports are known for theft of valuables from bags of incoming and outgoing passengers.
Indian Armed forces have witnessed corruption involving senior army officers from
Army Navy Air force wherein they were involved in selling weapons and arms
In the black market in the border districts of the country.
The Sukhna land scandal involved four Lieutenant Generals which has shaken the faith
Of the people of the country.
The police officers are involved in getting bribery of huge amounts for not arresting the culprits with scams of huge public money and crimes under the penal code.
The RTO and Police staff earns huge sums from Taxi, Rickshaw, private bus transporters and unauthorised vehicles drivers, plying passengers.
50% of the people have first hand knowledge of getting the job done in a public office.
Bribes at state border-lines is a routine scene in all parts of the country.
Corruption definition varies from country to country.
Political Campaign contributions are permissible in USA, but in other
Countries, it is an offence.
Commission to the middle man in international
military equipments deals is known as Kick-Back or Tipping money and
is permissible in some countries.
In Spanish countries it is known as Mordita= a bite.
In Arab countries, it is known as Bakshish=a gift.
In French countries it is known as dessons-de-table=under the table commission.
Pot-de-vin=wine pot.
Commission occulte=secret commission.
In Germany it is known as Schmiergeld=greasing money.
Mass scale corruption takes place in international Big deals in awarding contracts
by foreign governments. It is termed as greasing money.
In USA there are agencies that compromise with IRS arrears of Tax in huge sums,
Tax not paid over a period of years, or undisclosed income.
Political parties receive campaign contributions and other pay offs from Corporations.
In the field of Olympics, referees and scoring judges are bribed by cash or kind for
a favourable score for a particular athlete in a particular sport-event.
There has to be awareness in the general public. To raise awareness, public institutions have to take up this issue and expose these untoward elements and get them apprehended.
Computerisation, whistle-blowers, informers and creation of anti-corruption police and
Courts will help to curb it if not completely irradiate this evil.
Sukhram telephone scandal. HDW Submarine scandal. Bitumen scam.
Tansi land deal. JMM bribery scandal. St.Kitts case. Urea scam.
Anant Nag Transport subsidy scam. 1971 Nagarwala scandal. Bihar Fodder scam.
Churhat lottery scam.
Bofors. Animal Husbandry case. Harshad Mehta Fraud case. Hawala scandal.
Banglore Mysore infrastructure corridore. Kerala power scandal. Ketan Parekh scandal. Tehelka scandal, JayLalitha illegal income scandal, Army coffins scandal. Taj Corridor case. Telgi stamp paper scam, Nitish Katara murder case. Oil for food Natwarsingh scam. Antulay Cement scandal in Maharashtra.
Jessica Lall case. Babulal Katara human trafficking case. Moradabad forgery and land scam. Satyam scandal. Madhu Koda money laundering case. Madhu Koda havala and bullion trade case.
Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely.
Corruption is the spring of all prodigality and dis-orders which
loads us with billions of debt, it takes away the vigour of the army,
wisdom from our council and every shadow of authority and credit
from the most venerable parts of the country’s Constitution.
Bribery, Corruption, Kleptocracy.
Half of the Indians believe that Bribery solves problems.
Corruption has become a way of life of all of us.
Bribery is offering money or gift to bestow to influence recipient’s conduct.
Licence-Raj is the core of corruption.
¼ of the members of the Parliament faced criminal charges including
Human-trafficking, immigration rackets, embezzlement, rape, murder.
At the State level candidates with criminal record won the assembly seats.
In India, Truckers pay INR 5 billion every year as bribery to police and other agencies.
Mafia raj consists of municipal executives, urban development staff and revenue officials
Councillors, judicial officers, real estate developers, and law enforcement officers who
Develop and acquire and sell land in illegal ways.
All state funded construction activities such as road building, dams construction, bridges,
Roads are dominated by the construction mafia with the help of corrupt PWD
Officers, Panchayat officers, material suppliers, politicians and construction
Contractors in construction of highways, canals by shoddy construction and
Material substitution.
In Government and local body’s hospitals and state employee’s health hospitals
Corruption is associated with non-availability of medicines, fake and duplicate
Medicines, fixed charges for getting admission and availing diagnostic services.
International air-ports are known for theft of valuables from bags of incoming and outgoing passengers.
Indian Armed forces have witnessed corruption involving senior army officers from
Army Navy Air force wherein they were involved in selling weapons and arms
In the black market in the border districts of the country.
The Sukhna land scandal involved four Lieutenant Generals which has shaken the faith
Of the people of the country.
The police officers are involved in getting bribery of huge amounts for not arresting the culprits with scams of huge public money and crimes under the penal code.
The RTO and Police staff earns huge sums from Taxi, Rickshaw, private bus transporters and unauthorised vehicles drivers, plying passengers.
50% of the people have first hand knowledge of getting the job done in a public office.
Bribes at state border-lines is a routine scene in all parts of the country.
Corruption definition varies from country to country.
Political Campaign contributions are permissible in USA, but in other
Countries, it is an offence.
Commission to the middle man in international
military equipments deals is known as Kick-Back or Tipping money and
is permissible in some countries.
In Spanish countries it is known as Mordita= a bite.
In Arab countries, it is known as Bakshish=a gift.
In French countries it is known as dessons-de-table=under the table commission.
Pot-de-vin=wine pot.
Commission occulte=secret commission.
In Germany it is known as Schmiergeld=greasing money.
Mass scale corruption takes place in international Big deals in awarding contracts
by foreign governments. It is termed as greasing money.
In USA there are agencies that compromise with IRS arrears of Tax in huge sums,
Tax not paid over a period of years, or undisclosed income.
Political parties receive campaign contributions and other pay offs from Corporations.
In the field of Olympics, referees and scoring judges are bribed by cash or kind for
a favourable score for a particular athlete in a particular sport-event.
There has to be awareness in the general public. To raise awareness, public institutions have to take up this issue and expose these untoward elements and get them apprehended.
Computerisation, whistle-blowers, informers and creation of anti-corruption police and
Courts will help to curb it if not completely irradiate this evil.
Sukhram telephone scandal. HDW Submarine scandal. Bitumen scam.
Tansi land deal. JMM bribery scandal. St.Kitts case. Urea scam.
Anant Nag Transport subsidy scam. 1971 Nagarwala scandal. Bihar Fodder scam.
Churhat lottery scam.
Bofors. Animal Husbandry case. Harshad Mehta Fraud case. Hawala scandal.
Banglore Mysore infrastructure corridore. Kerala power scandal. Ketan Parekh scandal. Tehelka scandal, JayLalitha illegal income scandal, Army coffins scandal. Taj Corridor case. Telgi stamp paper scam, Nitish Katara murder case. Oil for food Natwarsingh scam. Antulay Cement scandal in Maharashtra.
Jessica Lall case. Babulal Katara human trafficking case. Moradabad forgery and land scam. Satyam scandal. Madhu Koda money laundering case. Madhu Koda havala and bullion trade case.
Marriage.
Marriage.
The men that women marry and why they marry them
Shall always remain a marvel and mystery to the world.
Marriage combines temptation and opportunity.
Marry. This is the long and short of it.
Advice to persons about to marry. “Don’t.” please don’t.
Is not marriage an open question? When it is alleged from the beginning of the world
That such as are in the institution wish to get out, and such as are out want to get in.
Missus the tale I relate, this lesson seems to carry,
Choose not alone a proper mate but proper time to marry.
“ Yes.” She answered me last night,
“ No.” This morning she say Sir,
Colours seen by candle light
Will not look the same by day light.
Friendship often ends in marriage, but marriage in friendship, never.
Courtship is to marriage as a witty prologue to a dull play.
A single man must be in search of a good wife.
Marriage is no joke. This is adding insult to injury.
This is the nature of women,
Not to love when we love them,
And to love when we love them not.
Marriage is the lottery, child the prize.
It is easier to be a lover than a husband.
It is hard to be witty every day than to say pretty things time to time.
A Desi Indian in USA got US$ 500 divorce from his wife.
Highly blamed by his friends who demanded:-
Was she not chaste?
Was she not fair and beautiful?
Was she not healthy and charming?
The Desi, stood up holding out his shoe to them and demanded:
Is this pair of shoes not new?
Is this pair of shoes not sturdy,
Yet, any of you can tell, where it pinches?
Moon laughs at the lies wives tell their husbands
The men that women marry and why they marry them
Shall always remain a marvel and mystery to the world.
Marriage combines temptation and opportunity.
Marry. This is the long and short of it.
Advice to persons about to marry. “Don’t.” please don’t.
Is not marriage an open question? When it is alleged from the beginning of the world
That such as are in the institution wish to get out, and such as are out want to get in.
Missus the tale I relate, this lesson seems to carry,
Choose not alone a proper mate but proper time to marry.
“ Yes.” She answered me last night,
“ No.” This morning she say Sir,
Colours seen by candle light
Will not look the same by day light.
Friendship often ends in marriage, but marriage in friendship, never.
Courtship is to marriage as a witty prologue to a dull play.
A single man must be in search of a good wife.
Marriage is no joke. This is adding insult to injury.
This is the nature of women,
Not to love when we love them,
And to love when we love them not.
Marriage is the lottery, child the prize.
It is easier to be a lover than a husband.
It is hard to be witty every day than to say pretty things time to time.
A Desi Indian in USA got US$ 500 divorce from his wife.
Highly blamed by his friends who demanded:-
Was she not chaste?
Was she not fair and beautiful?
Was she not healthy and charming?
The Desi, stood up holding out his shoe to them and demanded:
Is this pair of shoes not new?
Is this pair of shoes not sturdy,
Yet, any of you can tell, where it pinches?
Moon laughs at the lies wives tell their husbands
Court-Dancers.
Courtesans.
“For them, it is struggle for existence.”
“Gentlemen always seem to remember blondes.”
‘Born with the gifts of laughter, and,
The sense that the world is full of mads,
She has the quality to be a courtesan.”
“I can enjoy her while she is kind,
But when she dances in the wind,
And shakes her wings and will not stay,
With anger, I puff the prostitute away.”
“And they committed whoredoms in Egypt,
They committed whoredoms in their Youth,
There were their breasts pressed and there
They bruised the teats of their virginity.”
Long, long back the oldest profession in the world claimed holy eminence.
The courtesans wore the laurels of womankind, for hers was an ancient and
honourable position. She was sought after while other women were mere chattel.
Educated, mature and astute, she jealously held her superior rank.
As Priestess, she sometimes stood besides the Ruler of the land, exceeded
Ministers and Generals in influence over Him.
Among the greatest women in history, were those who won power through
their sexual prowess, whether as queens or as courtesans. They were also
usually famous for their shrewdness and wit.
Cleopatra, the serpent Queen of Nile, was said sometimes to have enjoyed
the passionate assaults of over a hundred men in a night. She could make
sex, a part of diplomacy as Caesar came to realise.
After Caesar was treacherously murdered on the floor of the house by none other than Brutus, Cleopatra secured Antony as her lover for her tight reign on Rome affairs.
Women who earned their living horizontally often enjoyed esteem.
They were invited to weddings, feasts and public affairs.
Particularly in India, a courtesan was associated with purity and respect.
She was held to hold an expertise of copulatory gymnastics to the envy of all.
It was not discouraged and forbidden for many considerations.
It swelled the public revenue, kept the officials and the priests in prosperity.
It reduced fornication and cases of adultery.
Because of its religious origin, it retained a consecrated respect.
They were good informers.
They were a source of good entertainment to the visiting guests.
In Bombay Calcutta, Delhi Madras Goa, it was legalised under local control.
In Japan, the red-light districts housing the Yoshiwara were handsome sections.
Geisha women, trained to entertain men with music, dance and intellectual
conversation rivalled the Hetaerae of ancient Greece and courtesans of France.
To the Arabs and Moslems joyance lay in three things:
Eating Meat,
Ridding Meat,
And Meat into Meat.
“Glory be to Him” who created and fashioned them out of vile water.
It is a risky business. They are at a perpetual risk of violent crime.
Global business generates over US$ 100 billion in a year in revenue.
The trend of human-trafficking these days is primarily for luring
women and young girls in the Arab countries. It can be said to be the
largest slave-trade in history, and it has turned out to be the fastest growing
criminal industry set to outgrow drug-trafficking.
At last, spring has come in Russia.
Price of a loaf of bread is hundred roubles.
At last, spring has come in Russia.
It was once again a year of crop failure.
Thousands have died in the winter without food and out of malnutrition.
Russia is deserted.
Russian women and girls have left Russia for countries in Europe, US Canada,
India. The wealthy Indian rich class spend lavishly on them.
As it is the Arab countries
have been flooded with young girls from Russia who have captured the market
It is reported that 60000 call girls visiting FIFA World Cup 2010 in South Africa,
to be held during this 21 June to 21 July 2010.
“For them, it is struggle for existence.”
“Gentlemen always seem to remember blondes.”
‘Born with the gifts of laughter, and,
The sense that the world is full of mads,
She has the quality to be a courtesan.”
“I can enjoy her while she is kind,
But when she dances in the wind,
And shakes her wings and will not stay,
With anger, I puff the prostitute away.”
“And they committed whoredoms in Egypt,
They committed whoredoms in their Youth,
There were their breasts pressed and there
They bruised the teats of their virginity.”
Long, long back the oldest profession in the world claimed holy eminence.
The courtesans wore the laurels of womankind, for hers was an ancient and
honourable position. She was sought after while other women were mere chattel.
Educated, mature and astute, she jealously held her superior rank.
As Priestess, she sometimes stood besides the Ruler of the land, exceeded
Ministers and Generals in influence over Him.
Among the greatest women in history, were those who won power through
their sexual prowess, whether as queens or as courtesans. They were also
usually famous for their shrewdness and wit.
Cleopatra, the serpent Queen of Nile, was said sometimes to have enjoyed
the passionate assaults of over a hundred men in a night. She could make
sex, a part of diplomacy as Caesar came to realise.
After Caesar was treacherously murdered on the floor of the house by none other than Brutus, Cleopatra secured Antony as her lover for her tight reign on Rome affairs.
Women who earned their living horizontally often enjoyed esteem.
They were invited to weddings, feasts and public affairs.
Particularly in India, a courtesan was associated with purity and respect.
She was held to hold an expertise of copulatory gymnastics to the envy of all.
It was not discouraged and forbidden for many considerations.
It swelled the public revenue, kept the officials and the priests in prosperity.
It reduced fornication and cases of adultery.
Because of its religious origin, it retained a consecrated respect.
They were good informers.
They were a source of good entertainment to the visiting guests.
In Bombay Calcutta, Delhi Madras Goa, it was legalised under local control.
In Japan, the red-light districts housing the Yoshiwara were handsome sections.
Geisha women, trained to entertain men with music, dance and intellectual
conversation rivalled the Hetaerae of ancient Greece and courtesans of France.
To the Arabs and Moslems joyance lay in three things:
Eating Meat,
Ridding Meat,
And Meat into Meat.
“Glory be to Him” who created and fashioned them out of vile water.
It is a risky business. They are at a perpetual risk of violent crime.
Global business generates over US$ 100 billion in a year in revenue.
The trend of human-trafficking these days is primarily for luring
women and young girls in the Arab countries. It can be said to be the
largest slave-trade in history, and it has turned out to be the fastest growing
criminal industry set to outgrow drug-trafficking.
At last, spring has come in Russia.
Price of a loaf of bread is hundred roubles.
At last, spring has come in Russia.
It was once again a year of crop failure.
Thousands have died in the winter without food and out of malnutrition.
Russia is deserted.
Russian women and girls have left Russia for countries in Europe, US Canada,
India. The wealthy Indian rich class spend lavishly on them.
As it is the Arab countries
have been flooded with young girls from Russia who have captured the market
It is reported that 60000 call girls visiting FIFA World Cup 2010 in South Africa,
to be held during this 21 June to 21 July 2010.
Meghalaya.
Meghalaya.
Shillong is the capital of Meghalaya is known as Scotland of the East.
Population of Meghalaya is 26 lacs and has an area of 8800 sq.miles.
About one third of the state consists of dense forests.
Cherapoonji and Shillong has the world record of rain in an year.
It has much natural beauty and eye catching scenery but poor infrastructure, poor
Road and rail facility has blocked influx of tourists to this place.
Meghalaya or the abode of the Clouds is a place to inspire a poet,
A dramatic canvas for an artist’s dream and an ideal retreat for people in search of
Beauty and solitude. Meghalaya is one of the most picturesque states of India,
Offering a spectrum of sylvan surroundings, rich cultural heritage, misty
Heights breathtaking beautiful waterfalls, luxurious vegetation flora and fauna.
Carved out of the former state of Assam, Meghalaya is one of the seven-sisters
Of the eastern region, bordered by Assam in the North, and Bangladesh in the
South. Meghalaya is divided into five district zones, of the Jaintia hills, east
And west Garo hills and east and west Khasi hills. It is among the wettest
places on earth, little wonder that it justifies Meghalaya as the abode of clouds.
The state has a picturesque colonial capital Shillong, and is a home to a diversity of people which includes the Khasi, Jantia and Garo tribes.
Agriculture is the main occupation of Meghalaya, with eighty percent of its
Population dependent on it for their livelihood.
Meghalaya is considered to have a rich base of minerals. These include coal, limestone, granite and kaolin. There is no development in the area of industrialisation.
Recently two large scale cement factories came to be established in this region.
Cherapoonji is one of the most popular tourists spot but poor infrastructure has marred the progress of the state.
The best time to visit Meghalaya is from March to July.
The British and Assam Tea Owners camp at Cherapoonji or Shillong during March to July
To escape the summer heat in Assam.
Shillong is the capital of Meghalaya is known as Scotland of the East.
Population of Meghalaya is 26 lacs and has an area of 8800 sq.miles.
About one third of the state consists of dense forests.
Cherapoonji and Shillong has the world record of rain in an year.
It has much natural beauty and eye catching scenery but poor infrastructure, poor
Road and rail facility has blocked influx of tourists to this place.
Meghalaya or the abode of the Clouds is a place to inspire a poet,
A dramatic canvas for an artist’s dream and an ideal retreat for people in search of
Beauty and solitude. Meghalaya is one of the most picturesque states of India,
Offering a spectrum of sylvan surroundings, rich cultural heritage, misty
Heights breathtaking beautiful waterfalls, luxurious vegetation flora and fauna.
Carved out of the former state of Assam, Meghalaya is one of the seven-sisters
Of the eastern region, bordered by Assam in the North, and Bangladesh in the
South. Meghalaya is divided into five district zones, of the Jaintia hills, east
And west Garo hills and east and west Khasi hills. It is among the wettest
places on earth, little wonder that it justifies Meghalaya as the abode of clouds.
The state has a picturesque colonial capital Shillong, and is a home to a diversity of people which includes the Khasi, Jantia and Garo tribes.
Agriculture is the main occupation of Meghalaya, with eighty percent of its
Population dependent on it for their livelihood.
Meghalaya is considered to have a rich base of minerals. These include coal, limestone, granite and kaolin. There is no development in the area of industrialisation.
Recently two large scale cement factories came to be established in this region.
Cherapoonji is one of the most popular tourists spot but poor infrastructure has marred the progress of the state.
The best time to visit Meghalaya is from March to July.
The British and Assam Tea Owners camp at Cherapoonji or Shillong during March to July
To escape the summer heat in Assam.
The Better Half.
The Woman.
The Better Half.
In the west, Ladies first,
Ladies Last, in the East.
“The Better Half! In our hours of ease,
uncertain, coy and hard to please,
and variable as the shade,
only if her image could fade.
“Females and elephants do not forget an injury.”
“She wavers, she hesitates,
In a word, she is a Female.”
”Thou art to me a delicious torment.”
“Heaven has no rage like love to hatred turned,
Nor Hell a fury, like a female scorned.”
“Age cannot wither her, nor custom stale,
Her infinite variety; other ladies cloy!
The appetites they feed, but she makes hungry,
Where most she satisfies.”
“Ladies are what their mothers made them.”
“It is with our passions, as it is with fire and water,
They are good servants but bad masters.”
“Man is the hunter, woman is his game.”
‘Behind every successful man there is always a female,
Behind every unsuccessful man, there are two.”
“Every Lady should marry and no man.”
“In her first passion, a Lady loves her lover,
In all others, all she loves is love herself.”
“But, what is a Female?
Only, one of Nature’s agreeable blunders.”
“Ladies hate revolutions and revolutionists,
They like men who are docile and well regarded at the bank,
And most of all, he is never late at the meals.”
In a moment of defeat, an Arab: “Females are made of nectar and poison.”
In a moment of joy, an Arab: “Praise be to Him who fashioned her from semen-drop.”
The image of a lovely female was common through out the world from Egypt to India.
Her sleepy languorous glance was a potent charm, an incitement to love. Her
Silken black hair with coiled ringlets adorned her head; teeth were of pearl and lips
carnelian.
“She has breasts like two globes of ivory, like pomegranates-beautifully upright, arched and rounded and firm as stone to the touch, with nipples erect and outward jutting.”
Three exquisite creases scored her stomach, slim waste and hips wide and heavy.
“She has thighs like unto pillars and between them there flows in a secret place,
a sachet deep musk, that swells throbs that is moist and avid.”
Auratt is linked to shame and nakedness. In Arab world she is seen as an impure
entity, and “Ladies like camels and elephants have their spells of rut.”
“Man’s shame extends from his naval to his knees.
A maiden’s shame extends from her head to the tips of her toes.”
“Who can stem a furious stream and a frantic female?”
Her passion supposedly ten times that of a man is like that of an animal.
In India and Persia, it was given the appellation of “musty” annual excitement of elephants. In Egypt and Arabia it was termed as “Shogeh” when she camels raise their tails in rut.
“Maidens for all the chastity they claim are offal cast by kites wherever they list.
This night her talk and secret charms are thine, that night another’s joy coy and kiss.”
“Like inn whence after night thou; at dawn, lodges with other which thou has no wish.”
“When a maid is ten, her new breasts arise, and like diver’s pearl with fair neck she hies;”
“The damsel of twenty defies compare; it is she whose disport, we desire and prize”
“Of thirty has healing on cheeks of her; she is a pleasure, a plant whose sap never dies.”
“If on her in the forties, thou happily hap; she is best of her sex, hail to him with her lies.”
“Rely not on them, trust not to their hearts;
Whose joy and whose sorrows are hung to their parts.”
Of all the countries in the world, the Hindus display a tolerant attitude. They
regarded sex philosophically, accepted its frailties and shrugged away its riddles and intrigues.
“A female is pure in all her limbs while the holy cow is pure only from behind.”
“Ladies are the ploughed field and men the seed.”
Not only in literature but in every aspect Moslems generally addressed their better halves in the masculine gender, and young boys in the feminine. A man addressing a lady in any other gender save masculine was considered highly outlandish.
“Man is fire and female is tinder.”
“It is more easy to discover flowers on the sacred fig-tree, or find a white crow,
or the imprint of fishes’ feet than to know what a female has in her heart.”
The Arab say: ‘Consult females and do contrariwise.”
Just as a passive sodomite was looked upon with scorn, so a female as passive creature was regarded with distaste. She afforded ecstatic pleasure and yet she was unclean
and lustful. This incongruity of feeling tormented every ancient civilization from Greece to Palestine.
In India she was regarded in different ways as lakshmi, mother, sister, a friend or a wife.
Hindu erotologists after careful survey of feminine types, classified women in four types.
1. Padmini.
She is a perfection of feminine charm. Every sweet and delicate quality belongs to her.
Padmini’s breasts are small tight and spherical. She is tall slim and graceful. She has a slim waste and shapely butts. Her ankles are slim and shaped. Her vulva smooth and tiny, resembling the lotus bud and her love-water is perfumed like a bud of lotus.
2. Chitrini. (Ragini).
She is a perfection of courtesans. Her beauty is on par with that of Padmini female.
It is not innocent but worldly and dedicated to entertainment, and arts and dancing etc.
Chitrinee’s lips are wider and her vulva a trifle plumper. The down is thin about her Yoni. the mount is soft raised and round. Her love essence is hot, love-bearing and
Honey filled produces music like special noisy vibrations and reflection, a distinct
Sound during coition. Her cunt expands, sings and rejoices the welcome guest and makes odd noises in celebration thereof at her peak in enjoying the play of love and thrusts and strokes.
3. Shankhini. (Shell-female)
She is the common type we see all around. She is an ideal wife for labour and breeding.
She is highly sexed and capable of love making as the Ragini type like an art-woman.
Her breasts are fuller and slightly pendulous, her hips wide and waste thicker, and her vulva, ever moist and wet and covered with dark hair much larger. (Kamauttegeet).
4. Hasteenee. (Elephant female).
She is the most undesirable of all types of females. She is of little value for work.
Her sexual capacity is insatiable like a beast in rut. She is coarse and indelicate.
She is bodily extreme with protruding labia and clitoris, pudendum which suggests
The condition of genital elephantiasis. Her vulva is nigh to penetration because of hair and her copious love-water bears the savour of the juice that flows from that of an elephant.
‘Who is this timid gazelle? Why has this Gazelle with a burden of firm swelling breasts?
With roving glance and slender waist gone forth from the frightened herd?
Drunk with Love, unsteady in steps, she totters, as if fallen from temple of a rutting Lord!
Beholding this divine form adorned with beautiful well-shaped limbs, even an old man
Will become as young as Kama,
Who is this Beauty, her face shining like the full moon, advancing along the path in the an thesis of youth,
Inebrious with Love and Sleep- her eyes rolling, her lips full and red, like the ripe bimba fruits,
Her locks in bewildering disorder, scratched by her Lover’s nails, torn in bites of her flesh,
Has this fair maiden been loved by a demon, and has he, posing as tiger sport took her?
Has this maiden been ravished and then let go? With wandering glance and garments clinging to her perspiring limbs,
She flits at dawn like a fawn, coy and frightened, what bee has sucked and sipped the nectar of her blossoming lips?
By whom has Paradise been enjoyed today? Whom has Kama, once slain by the Lord’s eye blessed today?
With her hand holding her heavy hair, embellished with flowers crushed in the game of love,
Her upper garment and loose girdle gathered in her right, her hair dishevelled, and face swollen and languid, her passion sated,
Here she comes from the private chamber, having yielded to the power of Love, and is
longing for a breeze.
The chosen one faints, the yoni breaks and sways deluging the floor, this is the moment of exultation!
The Hindu scriptures have regarded wife as:
Ideal wife is a nurse in life,
A wise counsel in calamity,
A helper in running the house,
A mother in tenderness,
A sister in affection and
A friend in the hour of need,
A harlot in Bed.
The Better Half.
In the west, Ladies first,
Ladies Last, in the East.
“The Better Half! In our hours of ease,
uncertain, coy and hard to please,
and variable as the shade,
only if her image could fade.
“Females and elephants do not forget an injury.”
“She wavers, she hesitates,
In a word, she is a Female.”
”Thou art to me a delicious torment.”
“Heaven has no rage like love to hatred turned,
Nor Hell a fury, like a female scorned.”
“Age cannot wither her, nor custom stale,
Her infinite variety; other ladies cloy!
The appetites they feed, but she makes hungry,
Where most she satisfies.”
“Ladies are what their mothers made them.”
“It is with our passions, as it is with fire and water,
They are good servants but bad masters.”
“Man is the hunter, woman is his game.”
‘Behind every successful man there is always a female,
Behind every unsuccessful man, there are two.”
“Every Lady should marry and no man.”
“In her first passion, a Lady loves her lover,
In all others, all she loves is love herself.”
“But, what is a Female?
Only, one of Nature’s agreeable blunders.”
“Ladies hate revolutions and revolutionists,
They like men who are docile and well regarded at the bank,
And most of all, he is never late at the meals.”
In a moment of defeat, an Arab: “Females are made of nectar and poison.”
In a moment of joy, an Arab: “Praise be to Him who fashioned her from semen-drop.”
The image of a lovely female was common through out the world from Egypt to India.
Her sleepy languorous glance was a potent charm, an incitement to love. Her
Silken black hair with coiled ringlets adorned her head; teeth were of pearl and lips
carnelian.
“She has breasts like two globes of ivory, like pomegranates-beautifully upright, arched and rounded and firm as stone to the touch, with nipples erect and outward jutting.”
Three exquisite creases scored her stomach, slim waste and hips wide and heavy.
“She has thighs like unto pillars and between them there flows in a secret place,
a sachet deep musk, that swells throbs that is moist and avid.”
Auratt is linked to shame and nakedness. In Arab world she is seen as an impure
entity, and “Ladies like camels and elephants have their spells of rut.”
“Man’s shame extends from his naval to his knees.
A maiden’s shame extends from her head to the tips of her toes.”
“Who can stem a furious stream and a frantic female?”
Her passion supposedly ten times that of a man is like that of an animal.
In India and Persia, it was given the appellation of “musty” annual excitement of elephants. In Egypt and Arabia it was termed as “Shogeh” when she camels raise their tails in rut.
“Maidens for all the chastity they claim are offal cast by kites wherever they list.
This night her talk and secret charms are thine, that night another’s joy coy and kiss.”
“Like inn whence after night thou; at dawn, lodges with other which thou has no wish.”
“When a maid is ten, her new breasts arise, and like diver’s pearl with fair neck she hies;”
“The damsel of twenty defies compare; it is she whose disport, we desire and prize”
“Of thirty has healing on cheeks of her; she is a pleasure, a plant whose sap never dies.”
“If on her in the forties, thou happily hap; she is best of her sex, hail to him with her lies.”
“Rely not on them, trust not to their hearts;
Whose joy and whose sorrows are hung to their parts.”
Of all the countries in the world, the Hindus display a tolerant attitude. They
regarded sex philosophically, accepted its frailties and shrugged away its riddles and intrigues.
“A female is pure in all her limbs while the holy cow is pure only from behind.”
“Ladies are the ploughed field and men the seed.”
Not only in literature but in every aspect Moslems generally addressed their better halves in the masculine gender, and young boys in the feminine. A man addressing a lady in any other gender save masculine was considered highly outlandish.
“Man is fire and female is tinder.”
“It is more easy to discover flowers on the sacred fig-tree, or find a white crow,
or the imprint of fishes’ feet than to know what a female has in her heart.”
The Arab say: ‘Consult females and do contrariwise.”
Just as a passive sodomite was looked upon with scorn, so a female as passive creature was regarded with distaste. She afforded ecstatic pleasure and yet she was unclean
and lustful. This incongruity of feeling tormented every ancient civilization from Greece to Palestine.
In India she was regarded in different ways as lakshmi, mother, sister, a friend or a wife.
Hindu erotologists after careful survey of feminine types, classified women in four types.
1. Padmini.
She is a perfection of feminine charm. Every sweet and delicate quality belongs to her.
Padmini’s breasts are small tight and spherical. She is tall slim and graceful. She has a slim waste and shapely butts. Her ankles are slim and shaped. Her vulva smooth and tiny, resembling the lotus bud and her love-water is perfumed like a bud of lotus.
2. Chitrini. (Ragini).
She is a perfection of courtesans. Her beauty is on par with that of Padmini female.
It is not innocent but worldly and dedicated to entertainment, and arts and dancing etc.
Chitrinee’s lips are wider and her vulva a trifle plumper. The down is thin about her Yoni. the mount is soft raised and round. Her love essence is hot, love-bearing and
Honey filled produces music like special noisy vibrations and reflection, a distinct
Sound during coition. Her cunt expands, sings and rejoices the welcome guest and makes odd noises in celebration thereof at her peak in enjoying the play of love and thrusts and strokes.
3. Shankhini. (Shell-female)
She is the common type we see all around. She is an ideal wife for labour and breeding.
She is highly sexed and capable of love making as the Ragini type like an art-woman.
Her breasts are fuller and slightly pendulous, her hips wide and waste thicker, and her vulva, ever moist and wet and covered with dark hair much larger. (Kamauttegeet).
4. Hasteenee. (Elephant female).
She is the most undesirable of all types of females. She is of little value for work.
Her sexual capacity is insatiable like a beast in rut. She is coarse and indelicate.
She is bodily extreme with protruding labia and clitoris, pudendum which suggests
The condition of genital elephantiasis. Her vulva is nigh to penetration because of hair and her copious love-water bears the savour of the juice that flows from that of an elephant.
‘Who is this timid gazelle? Why has this Gazelle with a burden of firm swelling breasts?
With roving glance and slender waist gone forth from the frightened herd?
Drunk with Love, unsteady in steps, she totters, as if fallen from temple of a rutting Lord!
Beholding this divine form adorned with beautiful well-shaped limbs, even an old man
Will become as young as Kama,
Who is this Beauty, her face shining like the full moon, advancing along the path in the an thesis of youth,
Inebrious with Love and Sleep- her eyes rolling, her lips full and red, like the ripe bimba fruits,
Her locks in bewildering disorder, scratched by her Lover’s nails, torn in bites of her flesh,
Has this fair maiden been loved by a demon, and has he, posing as tiger sport took her?
Has this maiden been ravished and then let go? With wandering glance and garments clinging to her perspiring limbs,
She flits at dawn like a fawn, coy and frightened, what bee has sucked and sipped the nectar of her blossoming lips?
By whom has Paradise been enjoyed today? Whom has Kama, once slain by the Lord’s eye blessed today?
With her hand holding her heavy hair, embellished with flowers crushed in the game of love,
Her upper garment and loose girdle gathered in her right, her hair dishevelled, and face swollen and languid, her passion sated,
Here she comes from the private chamber, having yielded to the power of Love, and is
longing for a breeze.
The chosen one faints, the yoni breaks and sways deluging the floor, this is the moment of exultation!
The Hindu scriptures have regarded wife as:
Ideal wife is a nurse in life,
A wise counsel in calamity,
A helper in running the house,
A mother in tenderness,
A sister in affection and
A friend in the hour of need,
A harlot in Bed.
Buddha Jayanti.
Buddha Jayanti. (27-05-2010)
Some Random Thoughts.
Buddhism appeals both to the masses and to the intelligent.
It offers milk for the babe and food for the strong.
Lord Buddha’s teachings have been incorporated in Dhammapada.
It is not a book to be read superficially like a novel and shelved aside.
It should be read and re-read so that it may serve as a constant companion.
After passing away of the Lord, the Arahats collected and included his teachings
In Pali language Dhamma is Sanskrit equivalent of Dharma = duty.Here it is used in the form of Sayings.
The Dhammapada consists of 423 melodious Pali verses, uttered by the Buddha,
on 300 occasions to suit temperament of the listeners during the course of his
Preaching tours during his Ministry of 45 years.
The first two stanzas describe the ethico-philosophical system of Buddha. The
Buddhist law of moral causation, the problem of pain and happiness, self-responsibility,
accompanied by simple illustrations find expression in these twin verses.
The verses dealing with hatred and its appeasement are of special significance. Force will
certainly be met by force. Bombs will be met with Bombs. Vengeance will be met with
Vengeance. Retaliation never leads to peace. Hatred never ceases through hatred but it ceases through love alone. Metta or loving kindness is an answer to modern bombs.
Dhamma is a raft whereby one crosses the ocean of Samsara. This advice is alone sufficient for an ideal Bhikkhu for his whole lifetime.
Buddha exercises his psychic powers to transform a lust-ridden mentally sick Bhikkhu
to a pure spiritually healthy individual, as is evident from the story of Prince Nanda, his
Step-brother and the verses uttered concerning him.
The first two chapters deal with the ethics of Buddhism. The second chapter is an answer to critics who tried to denounce Buddhism as a dead-end which denotes heedfulness, vigilance earnestness, watchfulness. It was the first word of heedfulness that transformed King Asoka in his conversion to Buddhism. “Seek no delight in worldly favours but cultivate seclusion.” Or a pregnant word like “Strive” is alone sufficient for a whole lifetime.
The third chapter is for understanding the Bhuddhist concept of Mind and importance of Mind control.
The chapter on Pleasure Happiness Hell Evil World Flowers, the Fool, the Wise, Craving, proves very helpful to those who are engrossed in material pleasures. The illusive nature of worldly happiness is aptly described in these chapters.
The chapters on the Buddha, the Arahat, and the Brahmana particularly appeal to those
of a higher spiritual level which depict the moral attitude of really enlightened beings.
One should not rest merely satisfied with perusal of his Sayings. They should be read, re-read and pondered upon together with the accompanying stories drawing appropriate lessons there from.
“Happily he lives who drinks the Dhamma.”
The wisdom of Buddha lies in his exposition of profound truth in his sayings.
Direct teaching is the Buddha’s usual method of exposition. At times, he exercises
His psychic powers, not miracles in order to enlighten his illiterate audience or gives an
actual demonstration of a concrete truth.
To a fisherman named Arya whom he saw fishing, He said :
“He is not an Arya who is engaged in killing animals and fish.”
The man realised his ignoble act and followed the principles of Buddhism.
In the Dhammapada there are several instances to show that Buddha preached not only to the intelligentia but also to little children in their own language.
Evil begets Evil. Good begets Good.
Retaliation does not lead to peace. Anger is conquered by Love.
Quarrels cease through right thinking.
The weak succumbs to temptation but not the Strong.
The pure are worthy of the Yellow Robe but not the Impure.
Right perception leads to the realisation of Truth.
Lust pierces the hearts of the undeveloped but not those of the Developed.
Happy are the well-doers here and hereafter. The Evildoer laments here and hereafter.
Happy are the Righteous.
Learning without practice is of no worth.
The Heedless die; The heedful do not. The Heedful shall advance.
The Energetic prosper. The wise create their own Heavens by their efforts.
Heedlessness should be conquered by Heedfulness.
The strenuous and the Alert overtake the thoughtless and the indolent.
Earnestness leads to Sovereignty.
Straighten the fickle mind. Guard your Thoughts.
Free are they who have controlled their Minds.
To the vigilant there is no fear.
Fortify your mind and be non-attached.
An ill-disposed Mind is the greatest Enemy.
A well-directed Mind is far greater than even a Father or a Mother.
The noble disciple will conquer his Self.
This Body is a Mirage. Death takes the Sensual unawares.
With ungratified desires the Sensual die.
Saintly Monks cause no inconvenience to any.
Seek not other’s faults but your own.
Practice is better than mere Teaching.
Moral Fragrance wafts everything. The scent of virtue is by far the Best.
Rebirth-Consciousness of the Arahats cannot be traced.
Greatness may be found among the basest. The wise outshine world lings.
Long is the Samsara to those who know not the Dhamma.
Avoid companionship with the foolish. One is not one’s own.
Wise is he who acknowledges his Foolishness.
A fool can not appreciate the value of the Dhamma.
Not well done is that disease which causes repentance.
Well done is that which causes no repentance.
Realisation is far superior to mere fasting.
Evil takes effect at the most opportune moment.
In fool’s knowledge and fame tend to their own ruin.
The ignorant seek undue fame.
The Path to gain is one and to Nibbana is another.
Associate with the wise who try to correct you.
Advisers are pleasing to the Good but not to the Bad.
Cultivate Good Friendship.
Happily he lives who drinks of the Dhamma.
The wise control themselves.
Unshaken are the wise as a rock, amidst praise and blame.
The wise are peaceful. The wise are not elated or depressed.
Success should not be sought by wrongful means.
Few go beyond. Those who follow the Dhamma, go beyond.
Give-up evil, cultivate good. Seek happiness in Solitude.
The non-attached are peaceful.
No suffering for the emancipated. Arahats are free from Attachment.
Be not attached to Food. Free are the undefiled ones.
The sense-controlled are dear to all. Like the Earth, the Arahats resent not.
The Calm are the Peaceful. Noble is he who is not credulous.
Delightful is the spot where the Arahats dwell. Delightful are the forests to the passionless. One useful sentence is better than a thousand useless words.
One better verse is better than a thousand useless verses.
Self conquest is the best of all conquests.
A moment’s honour to the pure is better than a century of Fire-Sacrifice.
A short but virtuous life is better than a long but immoral life.
Be quick in doing. Suppress Evil. Think not lightly of Good.
Shun Evil like a perilous path. No evil to those who have no bad intention.
Who harms the innocent, comes to grief.
Birth depends on Actions. Nobody is spared of effects of evil Kamma.
Harm not. Kill not. Life is dear to all. Speak not harshly. Silence yourself.
Decay and Death are universal.
Evil doer is consumed by the effects of his own evil.
He who offends the innocent comes to grief. External penance can not purify.
Not by external appearance, one becomes Holy. The modest are rare.
The Good control themselves.
Seek the light. The Body is composed of flesh and blood.
Righteousness does not wear away.
One with little learning lacks wisdom.
Be vigilant. Advisors should set the example first. Act as you instruct.
The corrupt shall bring about their own ruin. Scorn not the noble.
Give up base desires. The righteous are happy. The world is a bubble.
Evil be erased by Good. Few are the clear-sighted.
The wise seek an escape from this world.
There is no evil that a liar can not commit. The stingy are not happy.
Do good and be good. Lead a pure and noble life.
Insatiate are sensual pleasures. Victory breeds hatred. Health is paramount.
Give up both what is dear and what is not dear. Hold nothing dear.
Grief springs from affection, craving, attachment. The Non-attached go upstream.
Give up Anger. Control Anger. Be truthful, patient and generous.
The harmless attain the deathless. The Death is near to you. Be passionless.
Life will surely end. It is easy to live a shameless life. It is hard to live a modest life.
There is no river like craving. Easy to see are other’s faults.
The just should make a proper investigation. Be impartial.
Grey Hair alone does not make a Thera. A shaven head does not make him a monk.
One does not be a Bhikkhu by mere begging. A Bhikkhu should shed all Passions.
The eight fold path is best to end suffering. Transient are all conditioned things.
Everything is soulless. The slothful does not realise the path. Purify word deeds, thoughts. Mind is bondage as long as there is attachment. Develop path of peace.
Ignorant realise not the fear of death. No protection from any at the moment of death.
No Hatred for Hatred. Arahat goes ungrieving. Renunciation is hard. Good is seen
Liars suffer. Corrupt monks suffer. Be not immoral. Adultery is evil. Do not do wrong.
See wrong as wrong and Right as Right. The majority are undisciplined.
Blessed is he who controls himself. Be moderate in eating. Avoid the evil way.
Associate with the wise. Blessed are friends in need. Cut off craving with wisdom.
Renounce sensuous pleasures. The mindful end craving. Riches ruin the ignorant.
Lust, hatred, desire delusion is blemish of mankind. Guard the senses. Be contented.
Despise not what one gets. Give up lust and hatred. Meditate earnestly. You are your own
Saviour. With joy and faith win your goal. Be a knower of the uncreated.
Cultivate concentration and insight. He who meditates and is pure is Brahmana.
Buddha shines day and night. He is holy who has discarded all evil.
Harm not an Arihat. Arihat does not retaliate. Honour to whom honour is due.
A Brahmana has no hatred. He is patient and not wrathful and laid his burden aside.
A Brahmana has no intimacy with any. A Brahmana is he who has enlightened himself.
It is a pity that such a noble religion was not followed in Buddha’s own country to
the extent it was embraced in all other neighbouring countries.
Some Random Thoughts.
Buddhism appeals both to the masses and to the intelligent.
It offers milk for the babe and food for the strong.
Lord Buddha’s teachings have been incorporated in Dhammapada.
It is not a book to be read superficially like a novel and shelved aside.
It should be read and re-read so that it may serve as a constant companion.
After passing away of the Lord, the Arahats collected and included his teachings
In Pali language Dhamma is Sanskrit equivalent of Dharma = duty.Here it is used in the form of Sayings.
The Dhammapada consists of 423 melodious Pali verses, uttered by the Buddha,
on 300 occasions to suit temperament of the listeners during the course of his
Preaching tours during his Ministry of 45 years.
The first two stanzas describe the ethico-philosophical system of Buddha. The
Buddhist law of moral causation, the problem of pain and happiness, self-responsibility,
accompanied by simple illustrations find expression in these twin verses.
The verses dealing with hatred and its appeasement are of special significance. Force will
certainly be met by force. Bombs will be met with Bombs. Vengeance will be met with
Vengeance. Retaliation never leads to peace. Hatred never ceases through hatred but it ceases through love alone. Metta or loving kindness is an answer to modern bombs.
Dhamma is a raft whereby one crosses the ocean of Samsara. This advice is alone sufficient for an ideal Bhikkhu for his whole lifetime.
Buddha exercises his psychic powers to transform a lust-ridden mentally sick Bhikkhu
to a pure spiritually healthy individual, as is evident from the story of Prince Nanda, his
Step-brother and the verses uttered concerning him.
The first two chapters deal with the ethics of Buddhism. The second chapter is an answer to critics who tried to denounce Buddhism as a dead-end which denotes heedfulness, vigilance earnestness, watchfulness. It was the first word of heedfulness that transformed King Asoka in his conversion to Buddhism. “Seek no delight in worldly favours but cultivate seclusion.” Or a pregnant word like “Strive” is alone sufficient for a whole lifetime.
The third chapter is for understanding the Bhuddhist concept of Mind and importance of Mind control.
The chapter on Pleasure Happiness Hell Evil World Flowers, the Fool, the Wise, Craving, proves very helpful to those who are engrossed in material pleasures. The illusive nature of worldly happiness is aptly described in these chapters.
The chapters on the Buddha, the Arahat, and the Brahmana particularly appeal to those
of a higher spiritual level which depict the moral attitude of really enlightened beings.
One should not rest merely satisfied with perusal of his Sayings. They should be read, re-read and pondered upon together with the accompanying stories drawing appropriate lessons there from.
“Happily he lives who drinks the Dhamma.”
The wisdom of Buddha lies in his exposition of profound truth in his sayings.
Direct teaching is the Buddha’s usual method of exposition. At times, he exercises
His psychic powers, not miracles in order to enlighten his illiterate audience or gives an
actual demonstration of a concrete truth.
To a fisherman named Arya whom he saw fishing, He said :
“He is not an Arya who is engaged in killing animals and fish.”
The man realised his ignoble act and followed the principles of Buddhism.
In the Dhammapada there are several instances to show that Buddha preached not only to the intelligentia but also to little children in their own language.
Evil begets Evil. Good begets Good.
Retaliation does not lead to peace. Anger is conquered by Love.
Quarrels cease through right thinking.
The weak succumbs to temptation but not the Strong.
The pure are worthy of the Yellow Robe but not the Impure.
Right perception leads to the realisation of Truth.
Lust pierces the hearts of the undeveloped but not those of the Developed.
Happy are the well-doers here and hereafter. The Evildoer laments here and hereafter.
Happy are the Righteous.
Learning without practice is of no worth.
The Heedless die; The heedful do not. The Heedful shall advance.
The Energetic prosper. The wise create their own Heavens by their efforts.
Heedlessness should be conquered by Heedfulness.
The strenuous and the Alert overtake the thoughtless and the indolent.
Earnestness leads to Sovereignty.
Straighten the fickle mind. Guard your Thoughts.
Free are they who have controlled their Minds.
To the vigilant there is no fear.
Fortify your mind and be non-attached.
An ill-disposed Mind is the greatest Enemy.
A well-directed Mind is far greater than even a Father or a Mother.
The noble disciple will conquer his Self.
This Body is a Mirage. Death takes the Sensual unawares.
With ungratified desires the Sensual die.
Saintly Monks cause no inconvenience to any.
Seek not other’s faults but your own.
Practice is better than mere Teaching.
Moral Fragrance wafts everything. The scent of virtue is by far the Best.
Rebirth-Consciousness of the Arahats cannot be traced.
Greatness may be found among the basest. The wise outshine world lings.
Long is the Samsara to those who know not the Dhamma.
Avoid companionship with the foolish. One is not one’s own.
Wise is he who acknowledges his Foolishness.
A fool can not appreciate the value of the Dhamma.
Not well done is that disease which causes repentance.
Well done is that which causes no repentance.
Realisation is far superior to mere fasting.
Evil takes effect at the most opportune moment.
In fool’s knowledge and fame tend to their own ruin.
The ignorant seek undue fame.
The Path to gain is one and to Nibbana is another.
Associate with the wise who try to correct you.
Advisers are pleasing to the Good but not to the Bad.
Cultivate Good Friendship.
Happily he lives who drinks of the Dhamma.
The wise control themselves.
Unshaken are the wise as a rock, amidst praise and blame.
The wise are peaceful. The wise are not elated or depressed.
Success should not be sought by wrongful means.
Few go beyond. Those who follow the Dhamma, go beyond.
Give-up evil, cultivate good. Seek happiness in Solitude.
The non-attached are peaceful.
No suffering for the emancipated. Arahats are free from Attachment.
Be not attached to Food. Free are the undefiled ones.
The sense-controlled are dear to all. Like the Earth, the Arahats resent not.
The Calm are the Peaceful. Noble is he who is not credulous.
Delightful is the spot where the Arahats dwell. Delightful are the forests to the passionless. One useful sentence is better than a thousand useless words.
One better verse is better than a thousand useless verses.
Self conquest is the best of all conquests.
A moment’s honour to the pure is better than a century of Fire-Sacrifice.
A short but virtuous life is better than a long but immoral life.
Be quick in doing. Suppress Evil. Think not lightly of Good.
Shun Evil like a perilous path. No evil to those who have no bad intention.
Who harms the innocent, comes to grief.
Birth depends on Actions. Nobody is spared of effects of evil Kamma.
Harm not. Kill not. Life is dear to all. Speak not harshly. Silence yourself.
Decay and Death are universal.
Evil doer is consumed by the effects of his own evil.
He who offends the innocent comes to grief. External penance can not purify.
Not by external appearance, one becomes Holy. The modest are rare.
The Good control themselves.
Seek the light. The Body is composed of flesh and blood.
Righteousness does not wear away.
One with little learning lacks wisdom.
Be vigilant. Advisors should set the example first. Act as you instruct.
The corrupt shall bring about their own ruin. Scorn not the noble.
Give up base desires. The righteous are happy. The world is a bubble.
Evil be erased by Good. Few are the clear-sighted.
The wise seek an escape from this world.
There is no evil that a liar can not commit. The stingy are not happy.
Do good and be good. Lead a pure and noble life.
Insatiate are sensual pleasures. Victory breeds hatred. Health is paramount.
Give up both what is dear and what is not dear. Hold nothing dear.
Grief springs from affection, craving, attachment. The Non-attached go upstream.
Give up Anger. Control Anger. Be truthful, patient and generous.
The harmless attain the deathless. The Death is near to you. Be passionless.
Life will surely end. It is easy to live a shameless life. It is hard to live a modest life.
There is no river like craving. Easy to see are other’s faults.
The just should make a proper investigation. Be impartial.
Grey Hair alone does not make a Thera. A shaven head does not make him a monk.
One does not be a Bhikkhu by mere begging. A Bhikkhu should shed all Passions.
The eight fold path is best to end suffering. Transient are all conditioned things.
Everything is soulless. The slothful does not realise the path. Purify word deeds, thoughts. Mind is bondage as long as there is attachment. Develop path of peace.
Ignorant realise not the fear of death. No protection from any at the moment of death.
No Hatred for Hatred. Arahat goes ungrieving. Renunciation is hard. Good is seen
Liars suffer. Corrupt monks suffer. Be not immoral. Adultery is evil. Do not do wrong.
See wrong as wrong and Right as Right. The majority are undisciplined.
Blessed is he who controls himself. Be moderate in eating. Avoid the evil way.
Associate with the wise. Blessed are friends in need. Cut off craving with wisdom.
Renounce sensuous pleasures. The mindful end craving. Riches ruin the ignorant.
Lust, hatred, desire delusion is blemish of mankind. Guard the senses. Be contented.
Despise not what one gets. Give up lust and hatred. Meditate earnestly. You are your own
Saviour. With joy and faith win your goal. Be a knower of the uncreated.
Cultivate concentration and insight. He who meditates and is pure is Brahmana.
Buddha shines day and night. He is holy who has discarded all evil.
Harm not an Arihat. Arihat does not retaliate. Honour to whom honour is due.
A Brahmana has no hatred. He is patient and not wrathful and laid his burden aside.
A Brahmana has no intimacy with any. A Brahmana is he who has enlightened himself.
It is a pity that such a noble religion was not followed in Buddha’s own country to
the extent it was embraced in all other neighbouring countries.
Smuggling items.
Some Smuggling Items.
Methods
Types
Anti-Smuggling Units.
What is Smuggling.
Mass smuggling is done in containers, ships when they enter or leave the country.
Some powerful boats make short trips to nearest free port and back within 24 hrs.
Diamonds, Gold Silver drugs and other items like textiles yarn are hot favourites.
Carriers, Air-traffic staff, bring banned items as baggage items in limited quantity.
At every air-port, sea-port and land-station the staff is engaged in physical
Supervision of scanning passengers and crates of containers and boxes
to check goods. There are supervisory and information collecting agencies
whose job is to catch big syndicates involved in smuggling.
Smuggling relates to Goods-things. Any action to bring into the country goods,
or exporting the goods out of the country contrary to the provisions of Customs
Rules amounts to smuggling.
One of the important profitable markets has taken shape in the country to export
Cattle to neighbouring countries like Pakistan Bangladesh across the border.
The Moslem heavy populated countries can find a good cut of beef. We
honour the cow and its slaughter is not allowed in many states.
Gems and precious stones when they are brought in are in raw form. They are
cut, trimmed polished and shined and used in studding in gold jewellery.
Film cameramen order special lunette lens from Belgium France Switzerland.
Contact-lens, wearing glasses frames, and other items of luxurious goods are
hot favourites.
Huge consignments of goods of industrial use are hot favourite items like bringing
Metals like brass copper aluminum are dumped into the country by way of mis-description of goods like waste, ash dross and skimming of metals.
Our neighbouring countries do not have the infrastructure to install big huge
Refineries to manufacture fertilizers urea, ammonium sulphate and many other types
of soil nutrient fertilizers. Half of our production of such fertilizers finds way to
the neighbouring countries for soil-conservation.
The general practice involved in import-export is mis-quoting the actual value of the goods to benefit from low prices when importing the goods and high prices when exporting to benefit from payment of customs duty.
Sale of parts of human body is a lucrative business to amass huge sum of money.
On the Internet there are special agencies contacting parties in need of replacement of kidney and other parts of the body. Kidney transplants are one of the roaring trades.
Needy and poor people are lured to donate one kidney in lieu of a lump sum of money.
There are nursing homes who conduct the transplant surgery.
Similarly parts of bodies of wild animals lions tigers leopards are in great demand
in China and China influenced culture throughout the south Asian countries. The bones
are crushed and powdered and sold at enormous price, for strength and vitality.
Magic potions are prepared out of the parts of body of such wild life, which fetch huge
prices.
An important source of smuggling is export of sandalwood, other forest wood and kinds, plants vegetables as medications in consignments is removed from the country.
All the country’s wild life has been extinguished.
Alligators from Argentina are brought into the country which fetches high prices.
The country is a safe haven for trafficking drug consignments to and fro from the country
to destinations in other countries. If caught in other countries, the punishment is severe and instant. In our country the procedure to convict a smuggler is lengthy and expensive.
The country has a long unguarded sea-shore. In Jesalmir in Rajasthan on the sand-shore
There are lines and lines of air-conditioned cabins dealing in human trafficking, movement of cattle to the neighbouring country. In exchange they send gold or consignments of drugs.
Tight administration is the need of the day. The borders are required to be
equipped with proper infrastructure and amenities. There should be important relay
of information and action taken on the spur of the moment without consulting political leaders who are constantly worried that our relations with the other country might get jeopardized. Law has to be enforced without interference from these big-wigs.
Methods
Types
Anti-Smuggling Units.
What is Smuggling.
Mass smuggling is done in containers, ships when they enter or leave the country.
Some powerful boats make short trips to nearest free port and back within 24 hrs.
Diamonds, Gold Silver drugs and other items like textiles yarn are hot favourites.
Carriers, Air-traffic staff, bring banned items as baggage items in limited quantity.
At every air-port, sea-port and land-station the staff is engaged in physical
Supervision of scanning passengers and crates of containers and boxes
to check goods. There are supervisory and information collecting agencies
whose job is to catch big syndicates involved in smuggling.
Smuggling relates to Goods-things. Any action to bring into the country goods,
or exporting the goods out of the country contrary to the provisions of Customs
Rules amounts to smuggling.
One of the important profitable markets has taken shape in the country to export
Cattle to neighbouring countries like Pakistan Bangladesh across the border.
The Moslem heavy populated countries can find a good cut of beef. We
honour the cow and its slaughter is not allowed in many states.
Gems and precious stones when they are brought in are in raw form. They are
cut, trimmed polished and shined and used in studding in gold jewellery.
Film cameramen order special lunette lens from Belgium France Switzerland.
Contact-lens, wearing glasses frames, and other items of luxurious goods are
hot favourites.
Huge consignments of goods of industrial use are hot favourite items like bringing
Metals like brass copper aluminum are dumped into the country by way of mis-description of goods like waste, ash dross and skimming of metals.
Our neighbouring countries do not have the infrastructure to install big huge
Refineries to manufacture fertilizers urea, ammonium sulphate and many other types
of soil nutrient fertilizers. Half of our production of such fertilizers finds way to
the neighbouring countries for soil-conservation.
The general practice involved in import-export is mis-quoting the actual value of the goods to benefit from low prices when importing the goods and high prices when exporting to benefit from payment of customs duty.
Sale of parts of human body is a lucrative business to amass huge sum of money.
On the Internet there are special agencies contacting parties in need of replacement of kidney and other parts of the body. Kidney transplants are one of the roaring trades.
Needy and poor people are lured to donate one kidney in lieu of a lump sum of money.
There are nursing homes who conduct the transplant surgery.
Similarly parts of bodies of wild animals lions tigers leopards are in great demand
in China and China influenced culture throughout the south Asian countries. The bones
are crushed and powdered and sold at enormous price, for strength and vitality.
Magic potions are prepared out of the parts of body of such wild life, which fetch huge
prices.
An important source of smuggling is export of sandalwood, other forest wood and kinds, plants vegetables as medications in consignments is removed from the country.
All the country’s wild life has been extinguished.
Alligators from Argentina are brought into the country which fetches high prices.
The country is a safe haven for trafficking drug consignments to and fro from the country
to destinations in other countries. If caught in other countries, the punishment is severe and instant. In our country the procedure to convict a smuggler is lengthy and expensive.
The country has a long unguarded sea-shore. In Jesalmir in Rajasthan on the sand-shore
There are lines and lines of air-conditioned cabins dealing in human trafficking, movement of cattle to the neighbouring country. In exchange they send gold or consignments of drugs.
Tight administration is the need of the day. The borders are required to be
equipped with proper infrastructure and amenities. There should be important relay
of information and action taken on the spur of the moment without consulting political leaders who are constantly worried that our relations with the other country might get jeopardized. Law has to be enforced without interference from these big-wigs.
Assam.
State of Assam.
Assam is the Gateway to the North East and is dominated by the mighty river
Brahmaptra that has its origin from Tibet. A large part of the satate of Assam
is located in the valley created by the river Brahmaputra over ages.
The population of Assam is 35 million with an area of 33000 square-miles.
It is divided into 27 revenue districts. Its official language is Assamese.
The capital of Assam is Dispur in Guwahati.
The state’s population includes a blend of Dravid Aryans and Tibet Burmese.
Assam is very popular on account of Assam’s most popular brands of Tea.
Assam Tea is strong sturdy and satisfying. It meets with the need of tea
For rural masses. They range in colour amber and copper red. Better varieties of Tea in Assam have malt aroma and some brands also carry a slight honey fragrance.
Assam’s tea is Morning’s best with slight enhanced proportion of milk.
Assam has successfully conserved the famous one horned Rhinoceros from near
Extinction along with Tiger and numerous other species of other birds
and reptiles and it provides habitat to the famous Asian Elephant.
It has become an increasingly popular destination for wild life tourism and Kaziranga and Manas are both world heritage sites. Assam is known for its Sal tree forests which are quite depleted these days.
TheKaziranga National Park houses large number of one horned famous Rhinoceros.
Assam is also known for its scenic beauty. One can view gushing rivers on one side,
And snow capped mountains on the other side. and lush forests in between.
Assam, a land of high rainfall, it is endowed with lush greenery and the
Mighty river Brahamputra, whose tributaries and lakes provide the region with
Unique hydrogeomorphic and aesthetic environment.
River Brahamputra is the life line of Assam is a paleo river older than the Himalayas.
The river with stiff gorges and rapids from the Arunachal Pradesh enters Assam,
Takes form of a mighty river as wide as ten miles at times, with its tributaries and
Finally enters Bangladesh with new name Surma.
Assam and adjoining areas of Assam bears evidence of human settlements from the Stone Age. The hilly areas were ideal for settlements probably due to availability of exposed doleritic Basalt, useful for tool-making.
According to Kalika Purana written in Assamese, earliest rulers of Assam were
Mahiranga, followed by Hatak, Sambar, Ratna and Ghatak. Naraka removed this line of
The rulers and established his own Naraka line of dynasty. The last of the Naraka rulers
Narakasura was destroyed by Lord Krishna. His son Bhagdatta who name finds place of mention in the Mahabharata epic had fought the Pandava-Kaurava war at Kurukshetra.
He had helped and fought from the side of the Kauravas against the Pandavas with an
Army of Kiratas Chinas. The later rulers of Assam drew their hereditary lineage from Naraaka rulers.
Ancient Assam known as Kamrodesh was ruled by powerful dynasties like Vamanas
(350-650AD), the Salashtastambhas (655-900AD) the Kamapura Palas (900-1100AD) follwed by the luner dynasty (1120-1255AD). The Ahom and the Koch dynasties ruled from (1200-1800). It reached its zenith during their period but the British had an eye on this territory for quite a while. They managed and manoeuvred to make unrest and agitation. It fell to Mogul invaders for some period. The British took over
Portion by portion of Assam and annexed it to Eastern Bengal gradually over the years.
Assam including Arunachalpradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram, Meghalaya, became part of the Union of India, and Sylhet joined East Pakistan in 1947.
In 1947, at the time of the partition, Assam lost some of its territory to East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The dominant Brahmaputra valley is the fertile land of Assam.
Mahayana Buddhism was prevalent in Assam. Relics of Tezpur Malini, thar Khamakhaya
And Madan Kam Dev Temple are evidence of Mahayana Buddhism prevalent here.
Assam was dominated by Ahom Rulers for more than 600 years. They rules Assam virtually uninterrupted for six centuries until their kingdom fell to British in 1826.
Assam is the Gateway to the North East and is dominated by the mighty river
Brahmaptra that has its origin from Tibet. A large part of the satate of Assam
is located in the valley created by the river Brahmaputra over ages.
The population of Assam is 35 million with an area of 33000 square-miles.
It is divided into 27 revenue districts. Its official language is Assamese.
The capital of Assam is Dispur in Guwahati.
The state’s population includes a blend of Dravid Aryans and Tibet Burmese.
Assam is very popular on account of Assam’s most popular brands of Tea.
Assam Tea is strong sturdy and satisfying. It meets with the need of tea
For rural masses. They range in colour amber and copper red. Better varieties of Tea in Assam have malt aroma and some brands also carry a slight honey fragrance.
Assam’s tea is Morning’s best with slight enhanced proportion of milk.
Assam has successfully conserved the famous one horned Rhinoceros from near
Extinction along with Tiger and numerous other species of other birds
and reptiles and it provides habitat to the famous Asian Elephant.
It has become an increasingly popular destination for wild life tourism and Kaziranga and Manas are both world heritage sites. Assam is known for its Sal tree forests which are quite depleted these days.
TheKaziranga National Park houses large number of one horned famous Rhinoceros.
Assam is also known for its scenic beauty. One can view gushing rivers on one side,
And snow capped mountains on the other side. and lush forests in between.
Assam, a land of high rainfall, it is endowed with lush greenery and the
Mighty river Brahamputra, whose tributaries and lakes provide the region with
Unique hydrogeomorphic and aesthetic environment.
River Brahamputra is the life line of Assam is a paleo river older than the Himalayas.
The river with stiff gorges and rapids from the Arunachal Pradesh enters Assam,
Takes form of a mighty river as wide as ten miles at times, with its tributaries and
Finally enters Bangladesh with new name Surma.
Assam and adjoining areas of Assam bears evidence of human settlements from the Stone Age. The hilly areas were ideal for settlements probably due to availability of exposed doleritic Basalt, useful for tool-making.
According to Kalika Purana written in Assamese, earliest rulers of Assam were
Mahiranga, followed by Hatak, Sambar, Ratna and Ghatak. Naraka removed this line of
The rulers and established his own Naraka line of dynasty. The last of the Naraka rulers
Narakasura was destroyed by Lord Krishna. His son Bhagdatta who name finds place of mention in the Mahabharata epic had fought the Pandava-Kaurava war at Kurukshetra.
He had helped and fought from the side of the Kauravas against the Pandavas with an
Army of Kiratas Chinas. The later rulers of Assam drew their hereditary lineage from Naraaka rulers.
Ancient Assam known as Kamrodesh was ruled by powerful dynasties like Vamanas
(350-650AD), the Salashtastambhas (655-900AD) the Kamapura Palas (900-1100AD) follwed by the luner dynasty (1120-1255AD). The Ahom and the Koch dynasties ruled from (1200-1800). It reached its zenith during their period but the British had an eye on this territory for quite a while. They managed and manoeuvred to make unrest and agitation. It fell to Mogul invaders for some period. The British took over
Portion by portion of Assam and annexed it to Eastern Bengal gradually over the years.
Assam including Arunachalpradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram, Meghalaya, became part of the Union of India, and Sylhet joined East Pakistan in 1947.
In 1947, at the time of the partition, Assam lost some of its territory to East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The dominant Brahmaputra valley is the fertile land of Assam.
Mahayana Buddhism was prevalent in Assam. Relics of Tezpur Malini, thar Khamakhaya
And Madan Kam Dev Temple are evidence of Mahayana Buddhism prevalent here.
Assam was dominated by Ahom Rulers for more than 600 years. They rules Assam virtually uninterrupted for six centuries until their kingdom fell to British in 1826.
India-Census 2011.
2011 Census.
Census.
Headcount of a Billion+.
The Country launches the tremendous task of counting its teeming billion plus
with the help assistance and guidance of 2.5 million volunteers set to fan out
the country to commence census work for 2011 census.
Non Governmental agencies will be involved in carrying out the country’s
gigantic census operation Census 2011. Renowned personalities of the country
have been selected as National Trainers in each state of the country, to impart training to the staff. The first phase of operation will be undertaken throughout the country and
from 24th April 2010. Actual population enumeration will be undertaken simultaneously
throughout the country in February 2011.
The exercise has many challenges, including covering a vast geographical landmass,
Left-wing rebels and separatists, widespread illiteracy, and people with a bewildering diversity of culture, languages and customs.
“The Census is a means of evaluating once in every ten years, in a dispassionate manner,
whether Government programmes are reaching their intended targets and plan
for the future.”
Adding to the complexity of counting and classifying the world’s second largest
population will be a simultaneous process of collecting Bio-metric data on every
Person to be compiled in a new National Population Register.
“It is also a challenge to see that the 2.5 million enumerators carry out the orders and instructions, without error, as given to them during the period of their training for this work.
Officials will collect fingerprints and photographs of every resident for the first time,
for compilation in the Register, a process of biggest exercise since humankind came into
existence.
Along with the census details, personal attributes will be recorded such as declared Nationality, and marital status and details of bank account holders and cell phone users.
The twin census and population register processes will stretch over eleven months,
And consume 12 million tonnes of paper and cost INR 60 Billion = US $ 1.25 billion.
India has been conducting National Census since 1872, nothing floods, and draughts even wars have been able to stop it.
The basis census will start with Officials visiting the President and Prime Minster,
during the first leg of the process of house-listing. Enumerators will then fan out over the country, to begin house-listing which records information on homes, such as construction material used or the availability of electricity and water. The physical count of the residents will be made in February, 2011.
“The trick is to get the things right the first time. There is no question of re-census.
To minimise the margin of error, the census officials will be armed with satellite maps
of India’s 608786 villages. The enumerators have been instructed to ensure that they cover women, the elderly, the disabled, nomadic communities and the migrants usually left out in the census process.
There are however still many chances of mistakes creeping in the huge exercise as
uneducated people never know their exact age but it should be by far a good census
and the new population registry will provide a valuable database.
“In a disaster, for instance, one will be able to pinpoint, how many people were living at a place, before and after the catastrophe struck. It will be a compilation of useful information enabling proper governance.”
The data collected for the National Population Register will in turn facilitate the issue of the sixteen digit Unique identity numbers to all Indian residents. It will also help as a one step proof for all Indians to establish their identity eliminating the need of multitude of proofs of identity. The first identity numbers are expected to be issued by the end of the year.
Census.
Headcount of a Billion+.
The Country launches the tremendous task of counting its teeming billion plus
with the help assistance and guidance of 2.5 million volunteers set to fan out
the country to commence census work for 2011 census.
Non Governmental agencies will be involved in carrying out the country’s
gigantic census operation Census 2011. Renowned personalities of the country
have been selected as National Trainers in each state of the country, to impart training to the staff. The first phase of operation will be undertaken throughout the country and
from 24th April 2010. Actual population enumeration will be undertaken simultaneously
throughout the country in February 2011.
The exercise has many challenges, including covering a vast geographical landmass,
Left-wing rebels and separatists, widespread illiteracy, and people with a bewildering diversity of culture, languages and customs.
“The Census is a means of evaluating once in every ten years, in a dispassionate manner,
whether Government programmes are reaching their intended targets and plan
for the future.”
Adding to the complexity of counting and classifying the world’s second largest
population will be a simultaneous process of collecting Bio-metric data on every
Person to be compiled in a new National Population Register.
“It is also a challenge to see that the 2.5 million enumerators carry out the orders and instructions, without error, as given to them during the period of their training for this work.
Officials will collect fingerprints and photographs of every resident for the first time,
for compilation in the Register, a process of biggest exercise since humankind came into
existence.
Along with the census details, personal attributes will be recorded such as declared Nationality, and marital status and details of bank account holders and cell phone users.
The twin census and population register processes will stretch over eleven months,
And consume 12 million tonnes of paper and cost INR 60 Billion = US $ 1.25 billion.
India has been conducting National Census since 1872, nothing floods, and draughts even wars have been able to stop it.
The basis census will start with Officials visiting the President and Prime Minster,
during the first leg of the process of house-listing. Enumerators will then fan out over the country, to begin house-listing which records information on homes, such as construction material used or the availability of electricity and water. The physical count of the residents will be made in February, 2011.
“The trick is to get the things right the first time. There is no question of re-census.
To minimise the margin of error, the census officials will be armed with satellite maps
of India’s 608786 villages. The enumerators have been instructed to ensure that they cover women, the elderly, the disabled, nomadic communities and the migrants usually left out in the census process.
There are however still many chances of mistakes creeping in the huge exercise as
uneducated people never know their exact age but it should be by far a good census
and the new population registry will provide a valuable database.
“In a disaster, for instance, one will be able to pinpoint, how many people were living at a place, before and after the catastrophe struck. It will be a compilation of useful information enabling proper governance.”
The data collected for the National Population Register will in turn facilitate the issue of the sixteen digit Unique identity numbers to all Indian residents. It will also help as a one step proof for all Indians to establish their identity eliminating the need of multitude of proofs of identity. The first identity numbers are expected to be issued by the end of the year.
Smallpox.
Smallpox.
Pox is a type of disease often caused by animal virus by pockmarks
from horses, camel, elephants, ponies, pigs, cows, goats, sheep and dogs.
Great pox is Syphilis caused by sexual contact is treated by anti-biotics.
Small pox, cow pox, chicken pox, is a disease caused by a contagious virus
and is treated with inoculation and vaccination.
Small pox is an infectious disease unique to humans caused by virus
Variola major and Variola minor. The term small pox was first used in Europe in the
15th century to distinguish Variola from Great pox syphilis.
Smallpox virus is contagious and spreads from person to person, causing severe illness,
even death if the person were not vaccinated within days of his being exposed to it.
Anti-biotics work against bacteria and not against virus. Anti-biotics was ineffective. There was no known cure. Smallpox localises in the small blood vessels of the skin,
in the mouth and the throat, resulting in a rash and raised fluid filled blisters.
It is believed to have emerged in human population about thousands of years ago, the disease killed about millions in a year alone in Europe in the 18th century. During the
Nineteenth and twentieth centuries fifty percent of the children population was wiped out
from the world. In the twentieth century, it was responsible for the death of 500 million throughout the world.
Inoculation was practised in India as can be traced from available records since the tenth
Century and involved in either nasal insufflations of powdered smallpox seeds or introducing smallpox pus into the skin. Sanskrit medical texts prescribed the procedure for the process of inoculation. It is placement of smallpox pus into skin of another where it will grow or reproduce anti-germs. It is commonly used by introducing serum vaccine in the body to produce or boost immunity from it.
Practice of inoculation originated in India. The Indian doctors practised inoculation on human beings.
“They lay it down as a principle that the immediate cause of the small pox in the mortal part of every being that the mediate or the second acting cause which stirs up the first and causes fermentation is multitudes of imperceptible animalcules floating in the atmosphere
that they are the cause of all epidemical diseases but more particularly of the smallpox.”
The English while serving in India in the sixteenth century passed on this theory of inoculation to England and it was in a modified form of a vaccine introduced all over Europe, Africa, Russia, USA.
In the USA George Washington became infected with smallpox on his visit to Barbados in the years 1751.
Andrew Jackson got infected with smallpox after he was taken prisoner by the British
during the American Revolution, and though he recovered, his brother Robert did not.
Abraham Lincoln contracted this disease during his Presidency possibly from his son Ted. He was quarantined in 1863 after giving the famous Gettysburg address.
USSR leader Stalin fell ill with smallpox at an age of 9. Though he recovered, he had
visible dots and circles left on his face and the body. His photographs were retouched to hide his pox marks.
Europe first developed a vaccine against small pox in the year 1796.
Smallpox is the only disease that has been completely wiped out from the surface of the world since the year 1980 as per the WHO reports.
Edward Jenner famously vaccinated a small boy against the deadly disease way back in the year 1796. He took some fluid from the blister of the hand of a milk maid
who had contracted a similar but mild form of attack from cowpox. He then
inoculated his gardener’s son with the pus, who was later exposed to smallpox but
he proved to be immune to it.
There was cultural and religious resistance throughout the world against this vaccine.
There are two samples of vaccines in existence held in freezers under tight security each in USA and USSR.
Now the world is free of smallpox disease. Thanks to the modern scientific methods
of treatment.
Pox is a type of disease often caused by animal virus by pockmarks
from horses, camel, elephants, ponies, pigs, cows, goats, sheep and dogs.
Great pox is Syphilis caused by sexual contact is treated by anti-biotics.
Small pox, cow pox, chicken pox, is a disease caused by a contagious virus
and is treated with inoculation and vaccination.
Small pox is an infectious disease unique to humans caused by virus
Variola major and Variola minor. The term small pox was first used in Europe in the
15th century to distinguish Variola from Great pox syphilis.
Smallpox virus is contagious and spreads from person to person, causing severe illness,
even death if the person were not vaccinated within days of his being exposed to it.
Anti-biotics work against bacteria and not against virus. Anti-biotics was ineffective. There was no known cure. Smallpox localises in the small blood vessels of the skin,
in the mouth and the throat, resulting in a rash and raised fluid filled blisters.
It is believed to have emerged in human population about thousands of years ago, the disease killed about millions in a year alone in Europe in the 18th century. During the
Nineteenth and twentieth centuries fifty percent of the children population was wiped out
from the world. In the twentieth century, it was responsible for the death of 500 million throughout the world.
Inoculation was practised in India as can be traced from available records since the tenth
Century and involved in either nasal insufflations of powdered smallpox seeds or introducing smallpox pus into the skin. Sanskrit medical texts prescribed the procedure for the process of inoculation. It is placement of smallpox pus into skin of another where it will grow or reproduce anti-germs. It is commonly used by introducing serum vaccine in the body to produce or boost immunity from it.
Practice of inoculation originated in India. The Indian doctors practised inoculation on human beings.
“They lay it down as a principle that the immediate cause of the small pox in the mortal part of every being that the mediate or the second acting cause which stirs up the first and causes fermentation is multitudes of imperceptible animalcules floating in the atmosphere
that they are the cause of all epidemical diseases but more particularly of the smallpox.”
The English while serving in India in the sixteenth century passed on this theory of inoculation to England and it was in a modified form of a vaccine introduced all over Europe, Africa, Russia, USA.
In the USA George Washington became infected with smallpox on his visit to Barbados in the years 1751.
Andrew Jackson got infected with smallpox after he was taken prisoner by the British
during the American Revolution, and though he recovered, his brother Robert did not.
Abraham Lincoln contracted this disease during his Presidency possibly from his son Ted. He was quarantined in 1863 after giving the famous Gettysburg address.
USSR leader Stalin fell ill with smallpox at an age of 9. Though he recovered, he had
visible dots and circles left on his face and the body. His photographs were retouched to hide his pox marks.
Europe first developed a vaccine against small pox in the year 1796.
Smallpox is the only disease that has been completely wiped out from the surface of the world since the year 1980 as per the WHO reports.
Edward Jenner famously vaccinated a small boy against the deadly disease way back in the year 1796. He took some fluid from the blister of the hand of a milk maid
who had contracted a similar but mild form of attack from cowpox. He then
inoculated his gardener’s son with the pus, who was later exposed to smallpox but
he proved to be immune to it.
There was cultural and religious resistance throughout the world against this vaccine.
There are two samples of vaccines in existence held in freezers under tight security each in USA and USSR.
Now the world is free of smallpox disease. Thanks to the modern scientific methods
of treatment.
Gold Prices in Ancient times.
No195.
Gold Prices.
Gold prices in Greece have soared as high as US $ 1700 an ounce.
Gold prices in India are around INR 18200 a Tola.
Now let us see what the Gold Prices were in Ancient times.
In times of the Pandavas, Price of Gold was 2 Annas per Tola.
In times of the King Ashoka, price of Gold was 3 Annas per Tola.
In times of King Akabar, the price of gold was INR 10 per Tola.
Gold prices in India year wise:
Year 1932. = INR 21 per Tola.
Year 1947.= INR 108 per Tola.
Year 1962.= INR 120 per Tola.
Year 2008.= INR 16000 per Tola.
Year 2010.= INR 18200 per Tola.
Silver prices.
Pandavas time. Silver 7 tolas= 1 paise.
Ashoka’s time. Silver 5 Tolas =1 paise.
Akabar’s time. Silver 1 Tola. = 3 annas.
In the year 1932. Silver 1 Tola.= 8 annas.
In the year 1947 Silver 1 Tola = Rs.1.5
In the year 1962. Silver 1 Tola = Rs.10
In the year 2010 Silver 1 Kg. = Rs.28000
Gold Prices.
Gold prices in Greece have soared as high as US $ 1700 an ounce.
Gold prices in India are around INR 18200 a Tola.
Now let us see what the Gold Prices were in Ancient times.
In times of the Pandavas, Price of Gold was 2 Annas per Tola.
In times of the King Ashoka, price of Gold was 3 Annas per Tola.
In times of King Akabar, the price of gold was INR 10 per Tola.
Gold prices in India year wise:
Year 1932. = INR 21 per Tola.
Year 1947.= INR 108 per Tola.
Year 1962.= INR 120 per Tola.
Year 2008.= INR 16000 per Tola.
Year 2010.= INR 18200 per Tola.
Silver prices.
Pandavas time. Silver 7 tolas= 1 paise.
Ashoka’s time. Silver 5 Tolas =1 paise.
Akabar’s time. Silver 1 Tola. = 3 annas.
In the year 1932. Silver 1 Tola.= 8 annas.
In the year 1947 Silver 1 Tola = Rs.1.5
In the year 1962. Silver 1 Tola = Rs.10
In the year 2010 Silver 1 Kg. = Rs.28000
West Bengal.
West Bengal
Capital. Kolkata.
Area. 34267 square miles.
Population. 90 million.
Revenue Districts. 17.
One of the most powerful states of India, West Bengal enjoys a unique place in all matters relating to the country. It is the fourth populous state. It is the third largest contributor to the country’s GDP. Bangladesh lies on its east. To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and Bhutan, and to its southwest lies Orissa. To the west it borders the states of Jharkhand and Bihar, and to the northwest, Nepal.
The region that is now West Bengal was where a number of empires and kingdoms were founded. East India Company cemented their hold on the region following the Battle of Plessey in 1757, and the city of Calcutta, served for many years as the capital of the British rule.
A hot-bed of the Independence movement, through the early 20th century, Bengal was divided along religious lines into two separate entities, West Bengal—a state of India, and East Bengal a part of the new nation of Pakistan which is now Bangladesh.
Following India's independence in 1947, West Bengal's economic and political systems were dominated for many decades by Marxism, Naxalite movements and trade union activities.
While West Bengal has made economic gains recently, it still remains one of the poorest states in India because of high political instability, strike, low development level, abysmal medical treatment or health care services, tremendous lack of social development, lack of industrialization, excessive corruption and violence.
An agriculture-dependent state, West Bengal occupies only 2.7% of the India's land area, though it supports over 7.8% of the Indian population, and is the most densely populated state in India. West Bengal has been dominated by the Communist Party of India for three decades.
Remnants of civilization in the greater Bengal region date back 4,000 years, when the region was settled by Dravids, Tibetans peoples. The exact origin of the word Bengal is unknown, though it is believed to be derived from the Dravidian-speaking tribe Bang that settled in the area around the year 1000BC.
The kingdom of Magadha was formed in 7th century BC, consisting of the Bihar and Bengal regions. It was one of the four main kingdoms of India at the time of Maha Vira and the Buddhist.
Magadha Empire extended over nearly all of South Asia including Iran and Afghanistan under Asoka in the 3rd century BC.
Bengal had overseas trade relations with Java, Sumatra and Siam, and many countries. According to Maha Vamsha, Vijay Singh a Vanga prince, conquered Lanka in 544 BC and gave the name Sinhala to the country. Bengali people migrated to Malaya and Siam, establishing their own colonies there.
From the 3rd to the 6th centuries AD, the kingdom of Magadha. served as the seat of the Gupta Empire. The first recorded independent king of Bengal was Shashanka reigning around early 7th century. After a period of anarchy, the Pal dynasty ruled the region for four hundred years, followed by a shorter reign of the Sen. Dynasty.
Islam was introduced to Bengal in the twelfth century by Sufi missionaries. Subsequent Muslim conquests helped spread Islam throughout the region. Bakhtiar Khilji, Turk general of the slave dynasty defeated Lakshman Sen. of the Sen Dynasty and conquered large parts of Bengal.
Consequently, the region was ruled by dynasties of Sultans and feudal lords under the Delhi Sultanate for the next few hundred years. In the sixteenth century, Mughal general Islam Khan, conquered Bengal. However, administration by governors appointed by the court of the Mughals gave way to semi-independence of the area under the Nawabs of Murshidabad, who nominally respected the sovereignty of the Mughals in Delhi.
Raja Ram Manohar Roy is regarded as the Father of Bengal renaissance.
European traders arrived late in the fifteenth century. Their influence grew until the East India Company gained taxation rights in Bengal, following the Plessey battle, when Siraj-ud Daulah the last independent Nawab, was defeated by the British.
The Bengal Presidency was established by 1765, eventually including all British territories north of Madhya Pradesh, from the mouths of the Ganges and Brahmaputra to the Himalayas and the Punjab. Calcutta was named the capital of the British in 1772.
The Bengal Renaissance and the Brahmo Samaj socio-cultural reform movements had great impact on the cultural and economic life of Bengal. The 1857 mutiny started near Calcutta and resulted in transfer of authority to the British. Between 1905 and 1911, attempt was made to divide the province of Bengal into two zones. Bengal suffered from the famine in 1943 that claimed life of three million people.
Bengal played a major role in the Indian Independence movement in which, Armed attempts against the British from Bengal reached a climax when Sub hash Bose led the National Army against the British. When India was independent, in 1947, Bengal was divided along religious lines. The western part went to India (and was named West Bengal) while the eastern part joined Pakistan in the east, giving rise to independent Bangladesh.
Both West and East Bengal suffered from large refugee influx during the partition in 1947, leading to the political unrests later on. The partition of Bengal entailed the greatest exodus of people in Human History. Millions of Hindus migrated from East Pakistan to India and thousands of Muslims too, went across the borders to East Pakistan.
Because of the immigration of the refugees, there occurred the crisis of land and food in West Bengal; and such condition remained for long duration for more than three decades. The politics of West Bengal since the partition in 1947 developed round the nucleus of refugee problem.
Both the Rightists and the Leftists in the Politics of West Bengal have not yet become free from the socio-economic conditions created by the partition of Bengal. These conditions as have remained unresolved in some twisted forms have given birth to local socio-economic, political and ethnic movements.
In 1950 the Princely State of Cooch Behar merged with West Bengal after King Jagaddipendra Narayan had signed the Instrument of Accession with India.
In 1955, the former French Enclave of Chandan nagar which had passed into Indian control after 1950 was integrated into West Bengal; portions of Bihar were subsequently merged with West Bengal.
In the fifties, it was decided by the then Congress Government to shift industries from the state to other parts of the country. The value of freight tax and other taxes were also kept higher for the state by the Central Government till the eighties. This contributed to very few manufacturing industries being set in the state from 1950 to 1969.
During the 1970s and 1980s, severe power shortages, strikes and a violent Marxist- Naxalite movement damaged much of the state's infrastructure, leading to a period of economic stagnation. The Bangladesh liberation war of 1971 resulted in the influx of millions of refugees to West Bengal, causing significant strains on its infrastructure.
The 1974 smallpox epidemic killed thousands. West Bengal politics underwent a major change when the Left Front won the 1977 assembly election, defeating the Congress. The Left Front, led by the Marxists has governed for the state for the subsequent three decades.
The state's economic recovery gathered momentum after the economic reforms were introduced in the mid-1990s by the central Government aided by election of a new reformist CM Buddha Deb Bhattacharya in 2000. As of 2007, armed activists have been organizing minor terrorist attacks in some parts of the state, while clashes with the administration are taking place at several sensitive places on the issue of industrial land acquisition.
Capital. Kolkata.
Area. 34267 square miles.
Population. 90 million.
Revenue Districts. 17.
One of the most powerful states of India, West Bengal enjoys a unique place in all matters relating to the country. It is the fourth populous state. It is the third largest contributor to the country’s GDP. Bangladesh lies on its east. To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and Bhutan, and to its southwest lies Orissa. To the west it borders the states of Jharkhand and Bihar, and to the northwest, Nepal.
The region that is now West Bengal was where a number of empires and kingdoms were founded. East India Company cemented their hold on the region following the Battle of Plessey in 1757, and the city of Calcutta, served for many years as the capital of the British rule.
A hot-bed of the Independence movement, through the early 20th century, Bengal was divided along religious lines into two separate entities, West Bengal—a state of India, and East Bengal a part of the new nation of Pakistan which is now Bangladesh.
Following India's independence in 1947, West Bengal's economic and political systems were dominated for many decades by Marxism, Naxalite movements and trade union activities.
While West Bengal has made economic gains recently, it still remains one of the poorest states in India because of high political instability, strike, low development level, abysmal medical treatment or health care services, tremendous lack of social development, lack of industrialization, excessive corruption and violence.
An agriculture-dependent state, West Bengal occupies only 2.7% of the India's land area, though it supports over 7.8% of the Indian population, and is the most densely populated state in India. West Bengal has been dominated by the Communist Party of India for three decades.
Remnants of civilization in the greater Bengal region date back 4,000 years, when the region was settled by Dravids, Tibetans peoples. The exact origin of the word Bengal is unknown, though it is believed to be derived from the Dravidian-speaking tribe Bang that settled in the area around the year 1000BC.
The kingdom of Magadha was formed in 7th century BC, consisting of the Bihar and Bengal regions. It was one of the four main kingdoms of India at the time of Maha Vira and the Buddhist.
Magadha Empire extended over nearly all of South Asia including Iran and Afghanistan under Asoka in the 3rd century BC.
Bengal had overseas trade relations with Java, Sumatra and Siam, and many countries. According to Maha Vamsha, Vijay Singh a Vanga prince, conquered Lanka in 544 BC and gave the name Sinhala to the country. Bengali people migrated to Malaya and Siam, establishing their own colonies there.
From the 3rd to the 6th centuries AD, the kingdom of Magadha. served as the seat of the Gupta Empire. The first recorded independent king of Bengal was Shashanka reigning around early 7th century. After a period of anarchy, the Pal dynasty ruled the region for four hundred years, followed by a shorter reign of the Sen. Dynasty.
Islam was introduced to Bengal in the twelfth century by Sufi missionaries. Subsequent Muslim conquests helped spread Islam throughout the region. Bakhtiar Khilji, Turk general of the slave dynasty defeated Lakshman Sen. of the Sen Dynasty and conquered large parts of Bengal.
Consequently, the region was ruled by dynasties of Sultans and feudal lords under the Delhi Sultanate for the next few hundred years. In the sixteenth century, Mughal general Islam Khan, conquered Bengal. However, administration by governors appointed by the court of the Mughals gave way to semi-independence of the area under the Nawabs of Murshidabad, who nominally respected the sovereignty of the Mughals in Delhi.
Raja Ram Manohar Roy is regarded as the Father of Bengal renaissance.
European traders arrived late in the fifteenth century. Their influence grew until the East India Company gained taxation rights in Bengal, following the Plessey battle, when Siraj-ud Daulah the last independent Nawab, was defeated by the British.
The Bengal Presidency was established by 1765, eventually including all British territories north of Madhya Pradesh, from the mouths of the Ganges and Brahmaputra to the Himalayas and the Punjab. Calcutta was named the capital of the British in 1772.
The Bengal Renaissance and the Brahmo Samaj socio-cultural reform movements had great impact on the cultural and economic life of Bengal. The 1857 mutiny started near Calcutta and resulted in transfer of authority to the British. Between 1905 and 1911, attempt was made to divide the province of Bengal into two zones. Bengal suffered from the famine in 1943 that claimed life of three million people.
Bengal played a major role in the Indian Independence movement in which, Armed attempts against the British from Bengal reached a climax when Sub hash Bose led the National Army against the British. When India was independent, in 1947, Bengal was divided along religious lines. The western part went to India (and was named West Bengal) while the eastern part joined Pakistan in the east, giving rise to independent Bangladesh.
Both West and East Bengal suffered from large refugee influx during the partition in 1947, leading to the political unrests later on. The partition of Bengal entailed the greatest exodus of people in Human History. Millions of Hindus migrated from East Pakistan to India and thousands of Muslims too, went across the borders to East Pakistan.
Because of the immigration of the refugees, there occurred the crisis of land and food in West Bengal; and such condition remained for long duration for more than three decades. The politics of West Bengal since the partition in 1947 developed round the nucleus of refugee problem.
Both the Rightists and the Leftists in the Politics of West Bengal have not yet become free from the socio-economic conditions created by the partition of Bengal. These conditions as have remained unresolved in some twisted forms have given birth to local socio-economic, political and ethnic movements.
In 1950 the Princely State of Cooch Behar merged with West Bengal after King Jagaddipendra Narayan had signed the Instrument of Accession with India.
In 1955, the former French Enclave of Chandan nagar which had passed into Indian control after 1950 was integrated into West Bengal; portions of Bihar were subsequently merged with West Bengal.
In the fifties, it was decided by the then Congress Government to shift industries from the state to other parts of the country. The value of freight tax and other taxes were also kept higher for the state by the Central Government till the eighties. This contributed to very few manufacturing industries being set in the state from 1950 to 1969.
During the 1970s and 1980s, severe power shortages, strikes and a violent Marxist- Naxalite movement damaged much of the state's infrastructure, leading to a period of economic stagnation. The Bangladesh liberation war of 1971 resulted in the influx of millions of refugees to West Bengal, causing significant strains on its infrastructure.
The 1974 smallpox epidemic killed thousands. West Bengal politics underwent a major change when the Left Front won the 1977 assembly election, defeating the Congress. The Left Front, led by the Marxists has governed for the state for the subsequent three decades.
The state's economic recovery gathered momentum after the economic reforms were introduced in the mid-1990s by the central Government aided by election of a new reformist CM Buddha Deb Bhattacharya in 2000. As of 2007, armed activists have been organizing minor terrorist attacks in some parts of the state, while clashes with the administration are taking place at several sensitive places on the issue of industrial land acquisition.
Sunnat.
Circumcision.
What is Circumcision?
Is it healthy?
Is it good?
Does it help?
Is it necessary?
How common is circumcision?
Circumcision is a long medical word. Most times we find people describe it
as they have been cut.
It is a religious process in certain world communities, to undertake the ceremony of circumcision to show that they belong to a particular religion, caste and community.
In the USA most boys are circumcised because of the belief that it is cleaner and
prevents and cures health problems.
It is removal of the foreskin that covers the mouth of the penis of a new born infant.
Many people think it looks better too. Like the appendix or the tonsils, the foreskin
is a part of the body which according to their custom tradition, is not needed and may
cause health problems.
It is easier to cut off the foreskin at an infant stage. They believe the man can pee
easily and without discomfort. It makes the male organ less sensitive and helps in coitus.
It is a hard for a woman with whom a circumcised youth had sexual intercourse
to separate him from her.
Another reason is that it is the hereditary practice as your ancestors, your father, his father and all male members of the family had it done and parents want that all boys
in the family look alike and there should be no discretion, and there should be similarity
in the look of the organ in all boys.
Numerous medical studies have taken place to know whether circumcision ceremony
undertaken in many communities through out the world is healthy or not. There
have been mixed opinions regarding the benefits and risks involved therein.
Its advocates argue that it provides better medical advantages from cleanliness point
of view and that it improves the sexual function. The tip of the penis gets exposed
and gets hard and non-sensitive which helps to last ejaculation longer and creates more pleasure. Its hardness satisfies the females.
Some schools of thought claim that it is medically not necessary and it is unethical
when performed on new born infants. It is ghastly cruelty. It is painful even when
performed with the aid of anaesthetics.
In the United States, the American Academy of Paediatrics found both potential
benefits and risks involved in infant circumcision. According to them it is the duty
of the Academy to make aware the parents of the infant of the risks and benefits and allow them to arrive at a decision of their own. The American Medical Association has noted that Medical Associations of US Canada, England, Australia have not
recommended routine circumcision of infants. They have endorsed the other views held
by the Academy of Paediatrics.
In the Jews the Brit Mila is a religious ceremony to welcome an infant in the family.
Arab countries, all Muslim countries in Asia, Europe Africa Russia follow this tradition.
There are some new concepts forthcoming that oppose the tradition of circumcision on infants. According to them, the infant child is seen screaming crying suffering through unnecessary pain, and the community is seen celebrating the event with a procession
with bugles and drum-beats to suppress the screams cries and torture of an infant. According to them there should be no public money spent to encourage circumcision.
According to them the routine infant circumcision performed on a normal healthy young infant is now non-therapeutic and medically an unnecessary intervention.
What is Circumcision?
Is it healthy?
Is it good?
Does it help?
Is it necessary?
How common is circumcision?
Circumcision is a long medical word. Most times we find people describe it
as they have been cut.
It is a religious process in certain world communities, to undertake the ceremony of circumcision to show that they belong to a particular religion, caste and community.
In the USA most boys are circumcised because of the belief that it is cleaner and
prevents and cures health problems.
It is removal of the foreskin that covers the mouth of the penis of a new born infant.
Many people think it looks better too. Like the appendix or the tonsils, the foreskin
is a part of the body which according to their custom tradition, is not needed and may
cause health problems.
It is easier to cut off the foreskin at an infant stage. They believe the man can pee
easily and without discomfort. It makes the male organ less sensitive and helps in coitus.
It is a hard for a woman with whom a circumcised youth had sexual intercourse
to separate him from her.
Another reason is that it is the hereditary practice as your ancestors, your father, his father and all male members of the family had it done and parents want that all boys
in the family look alike and there should be no discretion, and there should be similarity
in the look of the organ in all boys.
Numerous medical studies have taken place to know whether circumcision ceremony
undertaken in many communities through out the world is healthy or not. There
have been mixed opinions regarding the benefits and risks involved therein.
Its advocates argue that it provides better medical advantages from cleanliness point
of view and that it improves the sexual function. The tip of the penis gets exposed
and gets hard and non-sensitive which helps to last ejaculation longer and creates more pleasure. Its hardness satisfies the females.
Some schools of thought claim that it is medically not necessary and it is unethical
when performed on new born infants. It is ghastly cruelty. It is painful even when
performed with the aid of anaesthetics.
In the United States, the American Academy of Paediatrics found both potential
benefits and risks involved in infant circumcision. According to them it is the duty
of the Academy to make aware the parents of the infant of the risks and benefits and allow them to arrive at a decision of their own. The American Medical Association has noted that Medical Associations of US Canada, England, Australia have not
recommended routine circumcision of infants. They have endorsed the other views held
by the Academy of Paediatrics.
In the Jews the Brit Mila is a religious ceremony to welcome an infant in the family.
Arab countries, all Muslim countries in Asia, Europe Africa Russia follow this tradition.
There are some new concepts forthcoming that oppose the tradition of circumcision on infants. According to them, the infant child is seen screaming crying suffering through unnecessary pain, and the community is seen celebrating the event with a procession
with bugles and drum-beats to suppress the screams cries and torture of an infant. According to them there should be no public money spent to encourage circumcision.
According to them the routine infant circumcision performed on a normal healthy young infant is now non-therapeutic and medically an unnecessary intervention.
Sunnat (2)
Sunnat.(2).
Female Circumcision.
Female genital cutting also controversially known as Female Circumcision,
is the ritual involving partial or total removal of the external female genital organ, for religious, traditional custom point of view of certain castes and communities.
In such cases it has to be performed on new born child with the permission of the parents.
The procedure is medically termed as clitoridectomy, or it may be part of labiaplasty,
or vaginoplasty. It is being performed throughout the world. It is concentrated more
heavily in Asian African countries.
The World Health Organization has issued manifold instructions to end the system of female circumcision. The United Nations observes every year 6th of February as the date to celebrate as International day against genital mutilation.
Categorisation of Female Genital Cutting can be:-
1. Partial or total removal of the clitoris.
2. Partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia-minora with or without excision
of the labia-majora.
3. Infibulation with excision, involves extensive tissue removal of the external
Genitalia including labia minora and the inside of the labia-majora. The labia-majora
are then held together using throngs or stitching.
In some cases the legs of the girl have been tied together for four to six weeks
to prevent her from moving and to all the healing of the two sides of the vulva.
Nothing remains there but the walls of the flesh from the pubis down the anus,
with the exception of the opening of the vulva to allow urine and
menstruation flow.
4. Other types include pricking clitoris with needles, burning, scarring the genitals
and ripping or tearing open of the vagina.
Female circumcision unusually involves cutting or removal of the clitoris.
This area of the genital is very sensitive because it holds the most nerves ending
at this point.
Genital cutting is a very painful practice that is very often very poorly carried
out and endangers the health and the life of millions of girls particularly in
Muslim countries of Asia Africa Europe Russia and elsewhere.
Female circumcision is centered around the rupturing of the hymen with
an instrument. Its rationale is that the woman is freed from being judged
by her virginity or lack thereof including the status of virginity.
Female Circumcision.
Female genital cutting also controversially known as Female Circumcision,
is the ritual involving partial or total removal of the external female genital organ, for religious, traditional custom point of view of certain castes and communities.
In such cases it has to be performed on new born child with the permission of the parents.
The procedure is medically termed as clitoridectomy, or it may be part of labiaplasty,
or vaginoplasty. It is being performed throughout the world. It is concentrated more
heavily in Asian African countries.
The World Health Organization has issued manifold instructions to end the system of female circumcision. The United Nations observes every year 6th of February as the date to celebrate as International day against genital mutilation.
Categorisation of Female Genital Cutting can be:-
1. Partial or total removal of the clitoris.
2. Partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia-minora with or without excision
of the labia-majora.
3. Infibulation with excision, involves extensive tissue removal of the external
Genitalia including labia minora and the inside of the labia-majora. The labia-majora
are then held together using throngs or stitching.
In some cases the legs of the girl have been tied together for four to six weeks
to prevent her from moving and to all the healing of the two sides of the vulva.
Nothing remains there but the walls of the flesh from the pubis down the anus,
with the exception of the opening of the vulva to allow urine and
menstruation flow.
4. Other types include pricking clitoris with needles, burning, scarring the genitals
and ripping or tearing open of the vagina.
Female circumcision unusually involves cutting or removal of the clitoris.
This area of the genital is very sensitive because it holds the most nerves ending
at this point.
Genital cutting is a very painful practice that is very often very poorly carried
out and endangers the health and the life of millions of girls particularly in
Muslim countries of Asia Africa Europe Russia and elsewhere.
Female circumcision is centered around the rupturing of the hymen with
an instrument. Its rationale is that the woman is freed from being judged
by her virginity or lack thereof including the status of virginity.
Fifth Estate.
The Fifth Estate.
Tax-dodgers. Mafia. Smugglers. Manipulators. Muscle-power. Money power.
Blackmarketeers, Scammers, Fraudsters, Cheaters, Racketeers, Hustlers Crooks Cronies.
It comes no surprise that a large number of people fantasize about being rich.
Without cutting corners, you may make your living but you can not make billions.
There is always a dark-street in their life.
Scammers are by far the most intelligent, far-sighted, and they have deep knowledge
of intricacies of business economy and norms of banking and corporate accounting.
An insider has all the knowledge of loopholes and lapses in the method of running
the business. They are seen to take advantage of such loopholes.
Illegal Stock trading. That is inside trading.
They make shady deals with investor’s money. The authorities already know that
it is always impossible to post the gains the Company has claimed. Yet authorities
do not formally catch on to his investment firm as a big lie. They pay protection money.
They loot their company for their personal use.
They make reckless corporate spending.
They have a publicity department which profess their finances as straight.
They charge the company holdings more than 500 million for the most trivial expenses.
They charge 100 million for lawyer’s fees.
They charge million for jet for them and the family.
They spend hundred thousands to repair renovate and recondition their imported cars.
Economic Magazines describe them as most innovative and successful.
They fill up the accounting loopholes to give a lucid picture about their companies,
To hide billions of debt in their books of accounts from failed deals and projects.
Because of their executive’s shrewdness, the investors are never allowed to realise
Company’s shortcomings and they defraud the public in billions when their stocks plummet to the price of paper they were printed on. They lure investors to lend money
for investing in certain fields with a promised high rate of interest and are involved in
financial wrong doing.
Internet Scams. Freebie Trading. Vista print. It is a shipping scam.
Please keep in mind that we should not trust anyone in financial matters.
Any scheme that sounds too good, too convincing can hardly be real.
The world is out to find ways and means to make money at your expense.
Are you ready to be the fall guy?
Trust no one.
Trust nothing from internet.
Even doing research would not guarantee that it is legitimate.
They do not kill, they do not rape.
In most cases, they do not deal in drugs.
Around the world, the white collar crooks have been in their own way ravaging
the lives of investors since times immemorial.
They dominate financial headlines.
After building a seemingly reputable firm, they gain trust of thousands of investors.
in the initial stage they pay back some to create trust in general.
They pay the investors with the money got from later investors to create
Trust and increase inflow of new and new investors pouring their money.
“I think, I shall do as he is doing.”
It is no secret that we look to others for clues as to what they do to make money,
where they save money or where they invest money.
The grass always looks greener on the other side.
We are not happy with what we have got.
We want to double it and earn more and more money.
The scammers are great students of human psychology.
Greed is the main factor which compels us to go beyond our limits.
We take risks and ruin ourselves and everyone around us.
Above hints are for general knowledge and for the sake of mere discussion.
It has no reference to any living being or company.
Tax-dodgers. Mafia. Smugglers. Manipulators. Muscle-power. Money power.
Blackmarketeers, Scammers, Fraudsters, Cheaters, Racketeers, Hustlers Crooks Cronies.
It comes no surprise that a large number of people fantasize about being rich.
Without cutting corners, you may make your living but you can not make billions.
There is always a dark-street in their life.
Scammers are by far the most intelligent, far-sighted, and they have deep knowledge
of intricacies of business economy and norms of banking and corporate accounting.
An insider has all the knowledge of loopholes and lapses in the method of running
the business. They are seen to take advantage of such loopholes.
Illegal Stock trading. That is inside trading.
They make shady deals with investor’s money. The authorities already know that
it is always impossible to post the gains the Company has claimed. Yet authorities
do not formally catch on to his investment firm as a big lie. They pay protection money.
They loot their company for their personal use.
They make reckless corporate spending.
They have a publicity department which profess their finances as straight.
They charge the company holdings more than 500 million for the most trivial expenses.
They charge 100 million for lawyer’s fees.
They charge million for jet for them and the family.
They spend hundred thousands to repair renovate and recondition their imported cars.
Economic Magazines describe them as most innovative and successful.
They fill up the accounting loopholes to give a lucid picture about their companies,
To hide billions of debt in their books of accounts from failed deals and projects.
Because of their executive’s shrewdness, the investors are never allowed to realise
Company’s shortcomings and they defraud the public in billions when their stocks plummet to the price of paper they were printed on. They lure investors to lend money
for investing in certain fields with a promised high rate of interest and are involved in
financial wrong doing.
Internet Scams. Freebie Trading. Vista print. It is a shipping scam.
Please keep in mind that we should not trust anyone in financial matters.
Any scheme that sounds too good, too convincing can hardly be real.
The world is out to find ways and means to make money at your expense.
Are you ready to be the fall guy?
Trust no one.
Trust nothing from internet.
Even doing research would not guarantee that it is legitimate.
They do not kill, they do not rape.
In most cases, they do not deal in drugs.
Around the world, the white collar crooks have been in their own way ravaging
the lives of investors since times immemorial.
They dominate financial headlines.
After building a seemingly reputable firm, they gain trust of thousands of investors.
in the initial stage they pay back some to create trust in general.
They pay the investors with the money got from later investors to create
Trust and increase inflow of new and new investors pouring their money.
“I think, I shall do as he is doing.”
It is no secret that we look to others for clues as to what they do to make money,
where they save money or where they invest money.
The grass always looks greener on the other side.
We are not happy with what we have got.
We want to double it and earn more and more money.
The scammers are great students of human psychology.
Greed is the main factor which compels us to go beyond our limits.
We take risks and ruin ourselves and everyone around us.
Above hints are for general knowledge and for the sake of mere discussion.
It has no reference to any living being or company.
The Gold Standard.
The Gold Standard.
“Going off the Gold standard was primary cause of present day Financial Crisis.”
=Bill Clinton.
The Coinage Act 1792 established the dollar as the basic unit of account of the USA.
It is the monetary unit of the USA in a silver coin or a paper note.
The word dollar is derived from German word sTroller, first coin made in the mines of Joachim Taller, in Bohemia. In Spanish Latin America it was pronounced as sDollar.
With the passage of the Gold Standard Act 1900, the US $ consisted of twenty five and eight tenth grains of gold nine tenth fineness as established.
It set the value of the US $ at 20.67 an ounce.
The rate of exchange was revised from time to time up to 1968 at US$ 35 an ounce.
In the year 1971, President Nixon unilaterally cancelled the direct convertibility
of the US $ to gold.
In the year 1972, USA reset the value of the US $ as $ 38 an ounce of gold, as the
other world currencies was valued in terms of US $.
In absence of Gold linked US $, there was sudden jump in the prices of gold from US $ 35 an ounce to US $ 900 an ounce
As of May 2004, US reserve assets include 1105 billion of gold stock valued at 42.2 $.
Bill Clinton’s observations at the Rockefellers that the world financial systems had tanked since the USA violated the contract law by reneging the end of Brentwood’s agreement, because USA printed so many dollars that it had no reserve gold in its strong rooms to back them up as per the gold standard. Eventually they were not in a position to back up printed commitments when US went off the gold standard. It signed into Law termination of the Glass & Steagall Acts.
The aforesaid two Acts would have saved the financial crisis which is strangling the entire citizenry.
Clinton supports the gold standard now because Central Banks have stolen all of the gold.
Clinton blamed the present financial crisis on the USA leaving the gold standard. He added that the problems of the economy started when the US went off the gold standard in the year 1971. He then hedged a bit and added justifying that the USA was left with no alternative but to do so on account of Economic Management reasons.
Those economic reasons were that the US had printed so many dollars at the then price of US $ 35 an ounce that the US did not have enough gold to back up all the money that was printed.
His statement clearly implies that gold is a check on the out of control Governments
printing of currency notes.
The Federal reserve Act 1913 and the 16th amendment were introduced to destroy wealth and to eventually bankrupt the nation, while consolidating the power in the hands of a few.
Experts have opined that his comments about the gold standard unless he sits to explain in detail the totality of the competing currencies and the federal reserves are vague and baseless.
“Going off the Gold standard was primary cause of present day Financial Crisis.”
=Bill Clinton.
The Coinage Act 1792 established the dollar as the basic unit of account of the USA.
It is the monetary unit of the USA in a silver coin or a paper note.
The word dollar is derived from German word sTroller, first coin made in the mines of Joachim Taller, in Bohemia. In Spanish Latin America it was pronounced as sDollar.
With the passage of the Gold Standard Act 1900, the US $ consisted of twenty five and eight tenth grains of gold nine tenth fineness as established.
It set the value of the US $ at 20.67 an ounce.
The rate of exchange was revised from time to time up to 1968 at US$ 35 an ounce.
In the year 1971, President Nixon unilaterally cancelled the direct convertibility
of the US $ to gold.
In the year 1972, USA reset the value of the US $ as $ 38 an ounce of gold, as the
other world currencies was valued in terms of US $.
In absence of Gold linked US $, there was sudden jump in the prices of gold from US $ 35 an ounce to US $ 900 an ounce
As of May 2004, US reserve assets include 1105 billion of gold stock valued at 42.2 $.
Bill Clinton’s observations at the Rockefellers that the world financial systems had tanked since the USA violated the contract law by reneging the end of Brentwood’s agreement, because USA printed so many dollars that it had no reserve gold in its strong rooms to back them up as per the gold standard. Eventually they were not in a position to back up printed commitments when US went off the gold standard. It signed into Law termination of the Glass & Steagall Acts.
The aforesaid two Acts would have saved the financial crisis which is strangling the entire citizenry.
Clinton supports the gold standard now because Central Banks have stolen all of the gold.
Clinton blamed the present financial crisis on the USA leaving the gold standard. He added that the problems of the economy started when the US went off the gold standard in the year 1971. He then hedged a bit and added justifying that the USA was left with no alternative but to do so on account of Economic Management reasons.
Those economic reasons were that the US had printed so many dollars at the then price of US $ 35 an ounce that the US did not have enough gold to back up all the money that was printed.
His statement clearly implies that gold is a check on the out of control Governments
printing of currency notes.
The Federal reserve Act 1913 and the 16th amendment were introduced to destroy wealth and to eventually bankrupt the nation, while consolidating the power in the hands of a few.
Experts have opined that his comments about the gold standard unless he sits to explain in detail the totality of the competing currencies and the federal reserves are vague and baseless.
Nagaland
Nagaland.
Capital. Kohima.
Population . 2 million.
Area. 6400 square miles.
Revenue Districts. 11.
The early history of Nagaland is the story of the customs and economic
activities of the Naga tribes. They were termed as the people with the
Pierced ears. After partition, it remained a part of Assam but the revolutionary
Naga National Council demanded a separate statehood for Nagaland. It was
carved out from Assam and was out under Central Territory up to 1963.
When Nehru visited Nagaland in 1963, he saw the things by himself,
and in his address to the people of Nagaland, suo moto he announced
full statehood to Nagaland. He had not consulted even his cabinet of
Ministers also. Despite all this, the revolutionary leaders of Nagaland
have been engaged in agitations and demands of various natures thereafter.
Nagaland is largely a mountainous state. It is rich in flora and fauna.
Most of the tropical land consists of evergreen forests.
Nagaland is predominantly a Christian population state. The state has
a very high church attendance. Nagaland is known as the only Baptist state
in the world as among Christians, three fourth of them constitute Baptists
English is the official language of the state but there are about a dozen tribal
languages, predominantly spoken among them is Nagamese.
Nagaland has been given great amount of state autonomy in the matter in
dealings with Naga tribes. Each tribe has a hierarchy of councils at village,
Range and tribal levels dealing in the tribal disputes.
There is a special regional council for Tuensang district elected by the
Tribes of that district.
Nagaland is one of the smallest states of the Indian Union and it is
quite unexplored as far as tourist’s destinations are concerned. It has a lot
of its scenic beauty to offer to the incoming tourists. Its starkly remote
terrain and scenery makes Nagaland, a place worth a visit for adventurers.
Nagaland is situated in the North Eastern corner of the country, Nagaland has
Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Manipur on its domestic borders while Burma
shares with it the international border on the east.
Nagaland lies to the south of Jorhat in Assam and is home to myriad tribes
and sub-tribes. The Naga Hills runs through this state which has Saramati
as its highest peak at a height of 12600 feet. The main rivers that flow through
Nagaland are Dhansiri, Doyang, Dikhu and Jhanji.
Dimpur, Koshima Mokokchung Tuensang Wokha, Zuenhoboto are principal
Cities and towns of Nagaland.
Agriculture is predominantly the important economic activity of the people
of Nagaland. Majority of them are involved in agriculture.
Main crops include rice corn millet pulses tobacco oil-seeds sugarcane potatoes.
Weaving is the traditional art, coming from generation to generation and is unique
and full of varieties which catch our eyes. Each of the major tribes has its
own unique designs and colours. Warm and colourful Naga shawls, hand-woven
shoulder bags, decorative spears, table mats, wood carvings and bamboo works
make magnificent souvenirs.
The state has to take steps to implement plans projects and schemes to improve the
life of the people. There is no infrastructure roads, rail and air-services. It is
an isolated and cut-off region of the country. It is evident that the state as well as the center has done nothing in this aspect.
Poor transportation, poor roads and rail facility is responsible for the progress and
prosperity of Nagaland. It is apparent that Nagaland is left to the mercy of Nature.
It is an abandoned State.
Capital. Kohima.
Population . 2 million.
Area. 6400 square miles.
Revenue Districts. 11.
The early history of Nagaland is the story of the customs and economic
activities of the Naga tribes. They were termed as the people with the
Pierced ears. After partition, it remained a part of Assam but the revolutionary
Naga National Council demanded a separate statehood for Nagaland. It was
carved out from Assam and was out under Central Territory up to 1963.
When Nehru visited Nagaland in 1963, he saw the things by himself,
and in his address to the people of Nagaland, suo moto he announced
full statehood to Nagaland. He had not consulted even his cabinet of
Ministers also. Despite all this, the revolutionary leaders of Nagaland
have been engaged in agitations and demands of various natures thereafter.
Nagaland is largely a mountainous state. It is rich in flora and fauna.
Most of the tropical land consists of evergreen forests.
Nagaland is predominantly a Christian population state. The state has
a very high church attendance. Nagaland is known as the only Baptist state
in the world as among Christians, three fourth of them constitute Baptists
English is the official language of the state but there are about a dozen tribal
languages, predominantly spoken among them is Nagamese.
Nagaland has been given great amount of state autonomy in the matter in
dealings with Naga tribes. Each tribe has a hierarchy of councils at village,
Range and tribal levels dealing in the tribal disputes.
There is a special regional council for Tuensang district elected by the
Tribes of that district.
Nagaland is one of the smallest states of the Indian Union and it is
quite unexplored as far as tourist’s destinations are concerned. It has a lot
of its scenic beauty to offer to the incoming tourists. Its starkly remote
terrain and scenery makes Nagaland, a place worth a visit for adventurers.
Nagaland is situated in the North Eastern corner of the country, Nagaland has
Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Manipur on its domestic borders while Burma
shares with it the international border on the east.
Nagaland lies to the south of Jorhat in Assam and is home to myriad tribes
and sub-tribes. The Naga Hills runs through this state which has Saramati
as its highest peak at a height of 12600 feet. The main rivers that flow through
Nagaland are Dhansiri, Doyang, Dikhu and Jhanji.
Dimpur, Koshima Mokokchung Tuensang Wokha, Zuenhoboto are principal
Cities and towns of Nagaland.
Agriculture is predominantly the important economic activity of the people
of Nagaland. Majority of them are involved in agriculture.
Main crops include rice corn millet pulses tobacco oil-seeds sugarcane potatoes.
Weaving is the traditional art, coming from generation to generation and is unique
and full of varieties which catch our eyes. Each of the major tribes has its
own unique designs and colours. Warm and colourful Naga shawls, hand-woven
shoulder bags, decorative spears, table mats, wood carvings and bamboo works
make magnificent souvenirs.
The state has to take steps to implement plans projects and schemes to improve the
life of the people. There is no infrastructure roads, rail and air-services. It is
an isolated and cut-off region of the country. It is evident that the state as well as the center has done nothing in this aspect.
Poor transportation, poor roads and rail facility is responsible for the progress and
prosperity of Nagaland. It is apparent that Nagaland is left to the mercy of Nature.
It is an abandoned State.
Sant Kabir
Poet Sant Kabir. (1440-1518)
Kabir Jayanti falls on 7th June.
“Why bathe in Ganges stream, or Kaveri?
Why go to Comorin in Congo land?
Why seek the waters of the surrounding sea?
When release is here and here alone? My friend!
Why chant the Vedas and hear the shastra’s lore?
Why daily teach the books of righteousness?
When release is here and here alone?
Why call the name of God every now and then?
Why roam the jungles, wander cities through?
Why plague life with penance very hard?
Why eat no flesh and gaze into the blue?
When release is here and here, why cry?
Why fast and starve, why suffer pains austere?
Why climb the mountains doing penance very hard?
Why go bathe in waters far and near?
When release is here and here?
Kabira, Jab Ham Paidaa Huve,
Jag Hanse, Hum Roye,
Aisee Karnee Kara Karo,
Ham Hanse, Jag Roye,
Chundariya Jhini re Jhini,
He Ram Nam Ras Bhini.
Six hundred years ago Kabir was born in 1440 AD. He lived for 80 years and is said to have relinquished his body in 1518. This period is also said to be the beginning of Bhakti Movement in India. He was born and brought up in a pious weaver family. He was influenced
by Vaishnava devotion and Sufi mysticism. Kabir ji composed numerous couplets through
which he preached the message of religious harmony and tolerance.
A weaver by profession, Kabir ranks among the world's greatest poets. He is perhaps the most quoted author. The Holy Guru Granth Sahib contains over 500 verses by Kabir. The Sikh community in particular and others, who follow the Holy Granth, hold Kabir in the same reverence as the other ten Gurus. He was Muslim by birth though he early abandoned the
Muslim faith, he retained strict monotheism of Islam and his strong aversion to caste system.
He usually calls God as Rama despite the fact that he had strong dislike for the Hindu polytheism.
In spirit he was far more Hindu than Muslim and this fact led him to reject the rigid dogmatism of Islam. Religion for him was a personal affair, something between a man, his God and his Guru.
“Thou should not ride on thy reflection, thou put thy foot in the tranquility of the Mind.”
“Those are good riders who keep aloof from Veda and the Koran.”
Kabir openly criticized all sects and gave a new direction to the Indian philosophy. This is due to his straight forward approach that has a universal appeal. It is for this reason that Kabir is held in high esteem all over the world. To call Kabir a universal Guru is not an exaggeration, the very name Kabir means Guru's Grace.
His devotees were very deeply influenced by reading Kabir. Why Kabir? Because he denounced the hollowness of the purely mechanical recitals of religious scriptures without following them.
The hall mark of Kabir's poetry is that he conveys in his two line poems, what others may not be able to do in many pages.
Another beauty of Kabir's poetry is that he picks up situations that surround our daily lives. Thus, even today, Kabir's poetry is relevant and helpful in guiding and regulating our lives, in both social and spiritual context.
The following example is an apt illustration:
Looking at the grinding stones, Kabir laments,
In the duel of the wheels, nothing remains intact.
Kabir Jayanti falls on 7th June.
“Why bathe in Ganges stream, or Kaveri?
Why go to Comorin in Congo land?
Why seek the waters of the surrounding sea?
When release is here and here alone? My friend!
Why chant the Vedas and hear the shastra’s lore?
Why daily teach the books of righteousness?
When release is here and here alone?
Why call the name of God every now and then?
Why roam the jungles, wander cities through?
Why plague life with penance very hard?
Why eat no flesh and gaze into the blue?
When release is here and here, why cry?
Why fast and starve, why suffer pains austere?
Why climb the mountains doing penance very hard?
Why go bathe in waters far and near?
When release is here and here?
Kabira, Jab Ham Paidaa Huve,
Jag Hanse, Hum Roye,
Aisee Karnee Kara Karo,
Ham Hanse, Jag Roye,
Chundariya Jhini re Jhini,
He Ram Nam Ras Bhini.
Six hundred years ago Kabir was born in 1440 AD. He lived for 80 years and is said to have relinquished his body in 1518. This period is also said to be the beginning of Bhakti Movement in India. He was born and brought up in a pious weaver family. He was influenced
by Vaishnava devotion and Sufi mysticism. Kabir ji composed numerous couplets through
which he preached the message of religious harmony and tolerance.
A weaver by profession, Kabir ranks among the world's greatest poets. He is perhaps the most quoted author. The Holy Guru Granth Sahib contains over 500 verses by Kabir. The Sikh community in particular and others, who follow the Holy Granth, hold Kabir in the same reverence as the other ten Gurus. He was Muslim by birth though he early abandoned the
Muslim faith, he retained strict monotheism of Islam and his strong aversion to caste system.
He usually calls God as Rama despite the fact that he had strong dislike for the Hindu polytheism.
In spirit he was far more Hindu than Muslim and this fact led him to reject the rigid dogmatism of Islam. Religion for him was a personal affair, something between a man, his God and his Guru.
“Thou should not ride on thy reflection, thou put thy foot in the tranquility of the Mind.”
“Those are good riders who keep aloof from Veda and the Koran.”
Kabir openly criticized all sects and gave a new direction to the Indian philosophy. This is due to his straight forward approach that has a universal appeal. It is for this reason that Kabir is held in high esteem all over the world. To call Kabir a universal Guru is not an exaggeration, the very name Kabir means Guru's Grace.
His devotees were very deeply influenced by reading Kabir. Why Kabir? Because he denounced the hollowness of the purely mechanical recitals of religious scriptures without following them.
The hall mark of Kabir's poetry is that he conveys in his two line poems, what others may not be able to do in many pages.
Another beauty of Kabir's poetry is that he picks up situations that surround our daily lives. Thus, even today, Kabir's poetry is relevant and helpful in guiding and regulating our lives, in both social and spiritual context.
The following example is an apt illustration:
Looking at the grinding stones, Kabir laments,
In the duel of the wheels, nothing remains intact.
Hips Swaying
The Swaying.
Swaying Hips.
It is an ancient art. It was a passionate gymnastic like art to swing the butts.
There were teachers mostly old women, who trained young girls in the art
of swaying hips. Those who could master this art of ghoonj mastered
lot of money, status and position in the society. Men journeyed miles,
tendered fabulous sum to have their company.
Now this work is done by fashion consultants of big fashion houses. They train young artists with the art of swaying the hips rhythmetically and provocatingly.
“It is the way, they walk, some girls, can’t help it when they sway their hips.”
Models and film-stars have to make the right strides for coming in limelight.
It is a fact that if they can swing their hips, they look more appealing and
sexy. They have to resort to practising swaying to make it look natural.
Marilyn Monroe’s wiggle to the cat-walk strut of a model, people have
known the secrets of their walk and found that those swaying hips were
not generally and always intended to impress the audience.
“A girl could have big hips but she could practise the sexy walk.”
“Women walk the way, they want to. If they want to look sexy and get attention,
and want people to stare, then they can sure sway their hips. But there are some who do not walk intentionally trying to project as sexy. They know it. Men and women do compliment that they recognise her from her walk.”
“Women have different walks. It very well be the shoes. May be some lady do it
for certain attention of someone. You never know. But when it is a fake, it is obvious.”
“Sometimes it is on purpose. But you do it too often, it becomes natural.”
“For some women, it just naturally happens, but some just do it to look sexy.”
Research indicates that waist hip ratio measurements are important when judging
the female attractiveness. The standard ratio being 0.7, a waist measurement that is
seventy percent of the hip circumference. It is accepted that a woman with 25” waist
with 36” hips could have just the right proportions to carry off a sexy swagger,
while others may have to resort to vertiginous pair of heels to achieve same effect.
“She can sway or she can not sway her hips. It is simply a matter of placing one’ feet forward, when walking or placing one foot directly in front of the other, which
causes the hips to stick out when the foot goes forward. The more they step in front of or across the other foot, the more sway there will be.”
“If she is wearing high heels that could be the cause, if not, she could be doing it to show off or to feel sexy.”
“It depends, shoes may have to do something with it or it could be just may be her style.
May be that she may be throwing herself around a little for our benefit. It is believed that everyone has the ability to exaggerate their walk. But there are also some ladies who walk naturally with more sway than others. She may not be tall so she has to take long strides, and tend to walk on her toes. She can have thereby a lot of sway while going and it did cause attention.”
For some, it is their natural stride, for some it is practised and is deliberate.
They can tune it on or off at their sweet will. Sometimes it happens out of
Physical issues that cause that stride to feel comfortable or perhaps her shoes
do have an effect. It is a mystery unravelled.
Swaying Hips.
It is an ancient art. It was a passionate gymnastic like art to swing the butts.
There were teachers mostly old women, who trained young girls in the art
of swaying hips. Those who could master this art of ghoonj mastered
lot of money, status and position in the society. Men journeyed miles,
tendered fabulous sum to have their company.
Now this work is done by fashion consultants of big fashion houses. They train young artists with the art of swaying the hips rhythmetically and provocatingly.
“It is the way, they walk, some girls, can’t help it when they sway their hips.”
Models and film-stars have to make the right strides for coming in limelight.
It is a fact that if they can swing their hips, they look more appealing and
sexy. They have to resort to practising swaying to make it look natural.
Marilyn Monroe’s wiggle to the cat-walk strut of a model, people have
known the secrets of their walk and found that those swaying hips were
not generally and always intended to impress the audience.
“A girl could have big hips but she could practise the sexy walk.”
“Women walk the way, they want to. If they want to look sexy and get attention,
and want people to stare, then they can sure sway their hips. But there are some who do not walk intentionally trying to project as sexy. They know it. Men and women do compliment that they recognise her from her walk.”
“Women have different walks. It very well be the shoes. May be some lady do it
for certain attention of someone. You never know. But when it is a fake, it is obvious.”
“Sometimes it is on purpose. But you do it too often, it becomes natural.”
“For some women, it just naturally happens, but some just do it to look sexy.”
Research indicates that waist hip ratio measurements are important when judging
the female attractiveness. The standard ratio being 0.7, a waist measurement that is
seventy percent of the hip circumference. It is accepted that a woman with 25” waist
with 36” hips could have just the right proportions to carry off a sexy swagger,
while others may have to resort to vertiginous pair of heels to achieve same effect.
“She can sway or she can not sway her hips. It is simply a matter of placing one’ feet forward, when walking or placing one foot directly in front of the other, which
causes the hips to stick out when the foot goes forward. The more they step in front of or across the other foot, the more sway there will be.”
“If she is wearing high heels that could be the cause, if not, she could be doing it to show off or to feel sexy.”
“It depends, shoes may have to do something with it or it could be just may be her style.
May be that she may be throwing herself around a little for our benefit. It is believed that everyone has the ability to exaggerate their walk. But there are also some ladies who walk naturally with more sway than others. She may not be tall so she has to take long strides, and tend to walk on her toes. She can have thereby a lot of sway while going and it did cause attention.”
For some, it is their natural stride, for some it is practised and is deliberate.
They can tune it on or off at their sweet will. Sometimes it happens out of
Physical issues that cause that stride to feel comfortable or perhaps her shoes
do have an effect. It is a mystery unravelled.
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt.
They committed whoredoms in Egypt.
They committed whoredoms in their youth,
There were their breasts pressed and,
There they bruised the tests of their virginity.
To the Arab, joy lay in tree things:
Eating meat, ridding meat and meat into meat.
Cleopatra, whose favourite offerings were coffee, a silver hookah and wine
was known for her hospitality. When Antony came to her barge, she had the
Barge sails and the hangings soaked in perfumes.
“Glory be to Him who created them and fashioned them out of vile water.”
In describing the evening, Antony reports:
“The lady was crowned with a diadem of pearls and jewels, her face dotted
with moles, her eyebrows penciled with kohl, and her hands and feet reddened with henna. When I looked on her, I well-nigh bepissed my bag trousers for the excess of her beauty and loveliness.”
“When she saw me, she took me into her embrace and clasped me to her breast.
Then she put her mouth to mine and sucked my tongue and I did likewise.
Then we fell to toying and groping and dallying.”
“Straining me to her bosom, she threw me to the carpeted floor, and then she sat astraddle upon me and kneaded my belly with her fingers till I well-nigh lost my senses.”
Whereupon she said:
“My life on thee, harkens to me, look upon the tender down thereon, and enjoy the
sight of naked waist and navel and tousle and tumble me from this moment till the day.”
“She opened the bosom of my shirt and bent over me and kissed me and put forth her
hand to me which slipped down to my waistband thence to my navel, thence to my yard,
whereupon her heart ached and her vitals quivered and lust was sore upon her.
And mad for me stripped my body and left none of me unkissed and unfondled.”
Whereupon she murmured:
“By God, no male hast ever filled mine eyes but thyself.” She whispered and she gripped me with supple limbs as a python must seize and clasp its victim. And taking in hand my prickle, firm to the utmost of its height, she nailed it into her coynte.”
“Clasping her to my bosom, I sucked her upper lip, and then bite her under lip, and slid my tongue between the twain into her mouth. Then I pushed myself within her at the thrust of which she gave a sigh, and then I rose to my height of passion and pushed and pushed and pushed myself in the valley of unthought-of depth and magnitude.”
“Strokes after strokes struck upon stroke after stroke with gentle stroke and hard stroke,
like the thrusting of spears in battle brunt, for that she still yearned after clipping of necks and sucking of lips gripping of bouncing breast and pressing of the waist and biting of the cheeks, and cavalcading on breasts with bucking and wriggling and lasciviousness and leg-lifting and moaning and hotness, languishment.”
“The promise of the night is spread with butter that melteth upon day-break.”
“Perfumes for men should have scent and not colour,
For women, they should have colour and not scent.”
“Silk was invented for them to walk them naked in clothes.”
Following coition “ghusl” (total wash) was in order.
For this purpose, the barge was equipped with a bath-place.
As the saying goes:
“The ghusl-ablution or one’s feet meaning
“Wash thoroughly after lying with a woman, or no horse worth its salt will permit to mount it.”
“Have no connection with the woman in the bath, for its consequence is palsy;
Nor do thou lie with her when thou art full, or when thou art empty, nor when thou art drunken with wine nor when thou art in wrath, nor when thou art lying on thy side,
nor when thou art under fruit bearing tree, for that it occasioneth the swelling of the testicles, for she taketh from thee and giveth not to thee.”
El-mendeel (handkerchief) was carried by the female who used to wipe away the ooze of copulation.
They committed whoredoms in Egypt.
They committed whoredoms in their youth,
There were their breasts pressed and,
There they bruised the tests of their virginity.
To the Arab, joy lay in tree things:
Eating meat, ridding meat and meat into meat.
Cleopatra, whose favourite offerings were coffee, a silver hookah and wine
was known for her hospitality. When Antony came to her barge, she had the
Barge sails and the hangings soaked in perfumes.
“Glory be to Him who created them and fashioned them out of vile water.”
In describing the evening, Antony reports:
“The lady was crowned with a diadem of pearls and jewels, her face dotted
with moles, her eyebrows penciled with kohl, and her hands and feet reddened with henna. When I looked on her, I well-nigh bepissed my bag trousers for the excess of her beauty and loveliness.”
“When she saw me, she took me into her embrace and clasped me to her breast.
Then she put her mouth to mine and sucked my tongue and I did likewise.
Then we fell to toying and groping and dallying.”
“Straining me to her bosom, she threw me to the carpeted floor, and then she sat astraddle upon me and kneaded my belly with her fingers till I well-nigh lost my senses.”
Whereupon she said:
“My life on thee, harkens to me, look upon the tender down thereon, and enjoy the
sight of naked waist and navel and tousle and tumble me from this moment till the day.”
“She opened the bosom of my shirt and bent over me and kissed me and put forth her
hand to me which slipped down to my waistband thence to my navel, thence to my yard,
whereupon her heart ached and her vitals quivered and lust was sore upon her.
And mad for me stripped my body and left none of me unkissed and unfondled.”
Whereupon she murmured:
“By God, no male hast ever filled mine eyes but thyself.” She whispered and she gripped me with supple limbs as a python must seize and clasp its victim. And taking in hand my prickle, firm to the utmost of its height, she nailed it into her coynte.”
“Clasping her to my bosom, I sucked her upper lip, and then bite her under lip, and slid my tongue between the twain into her mouth. Then I pushed myself within her at the thrust of which she gave a sigh, and then I rose to my height of passion and pushed and pushed and pushed myself in the valley of unthought-of depth and magnitude.”
“Strokes after strokes struck upon stroke after stroke with gentle stroke and hard stroke,
like the thrusting of spears in battle brunt, for that she still yearned after clipping of necks and sucking of lips gripping of bouncing breast and pressing of the waist and biting of the cheeks, and cavalcading on breasts with bucking and wriggling and lasciviousness and leg-lifting and moaning and hotness, languishment.”
“The promise of the night is spread with butter that melteth upon day-break.”
“Perfumes for men should have scent and not colour,
For women, they should have colour and not scent.”
“Silk was invented for them to walk them naked in clothes.”
Following coition “ghusl” (total wash) was in order.
For this purpose, the barge was equipped with a bath-place.
As the saying goes:
“The ghusl-ablution or one’s feet meaning
“Wash thoroughly after lying with a woman, or no horse worth its salt will permit to mount it.”
“Have no connection with the woman in the bath, for its consequence is palsy;
Nor do thou lie with her when thou art full, or when thou art empty, nor when thou art drunken with wine nor when thou art in wrath, nor when thou art lying on thy side,
nor when thou art under fruit bearing tree, for that it occasioneth the swelling of the testicles, for she taketh from thee and giveth not to thee.”
El-mendeel (handkerchief) was carried by the female who used to wipe away the ooze of copulation.
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